叙事心理治疗对自闭症儿童父母生活质量和心理健康的影响

Effect of narrative psychotherapy on the mental health and life quality of autistic children

目的探讨叙事心理治疗对自闭症儿童父母生活质量和心理健康的影响。方法采用生活质量综合评定问卷(GQOLI-74)、症状自评量表(SLC-90)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)对68例自闭症儿童父母实施叙事心理治疗前和治疗10次后进行测评。结果自闭症儿童父母在叙事心理治疗前物质生活维度和心理健康维度均明显低于正常对照组,心理健康的症状中躯体化、强迫、抑郁、焦虑、偏执分值均明显高于正常对照组,抑郁评分和焦虑评分均高于正常对照组;经过叙事心理治疗10次后物质生活维度和心理健康维度均明显高于治疗前(P<0.05),心理健康的症状中躯体化、强迫、抑郁、焦虑、偏执项目因子分值均明显低于治疗前(P<0.05),抑郁水平和焦虑水平较治疗前明显下降(P<0.05),并且这些指标与正常对照组比较差异无统计学意义。结论自闭症儿童父母普遍存在生活质量和心理健康问题,叙事心理治疗能改善其生活质量和心理健康状况。

Objective To explore the effect of narrative psychotherapy on the mental health and life quality of autistic children. Methods A total of 68 autistic children were assessed with Generic Quality of Life Inventory-74 （GQOLI-74）, Symptom Check List 90（SLC-90）, Seh-rating Depression Scale （SDS） and Seh-rating Anxiety Scale （SAS） at baseline and at the end of narrative psychotherapy. Results Compared with the healthy children, the factor scores of body function and mental function in autistic children before narrative psychotherapy were significantly lower. The SCL-90 subseales on somatization, obsession, depression, anxiety and paranoid of autistic children were much higher, the depression and anxiety scores of autistic children were significantly higher than those in normal control group. After 10 times of narrative psychotherapy, the factor scores of body function and mental function of autistic children were significantly higher than that before treatment . The SCL-90 subscales on somatization, obsession, depression, anxiety and paranoid of parents of autisms children were much lower, The depression and anxiety scores of austistic children were significantly lower than that before treatment, without exhibiting significant difference compared to that of children in normal control group. Conclusion The parents of autistic children generally have the problems in quality of life and mental health. Narrative psychotherapy can improve their life quality and mental health.