生长因子及其受体在淋巴瘤中异常表达的研究进展

Research Progress of the Aberrant Expression of Growth Factors and Receptors in Lymphomas

生长因子是一类与受体结合后可以促进细胞增殖和调节细胞多项功能的多肽分子。生长因子及其受体信号通路包括Ras/MAPK、PI3K/AKT和STAT等不仅调控正常细胞的生物学行为,对恶性肿瘤细胞增殖、分化、转化和迁移也具有重要意义。研究发现多种生长因子如VEGF、PDGF和IGF及其受体在多种实体肿瘤如肺癌、乳腺癌、结肠癌中发现有异常表达,在淋巴瘤如DLBCL、PTCL、ML和NL中也存在异常的共同表达,提示在淋巴瘤中可能构成生长因子及其受体的自分泌/旁分泌环路。生长因子及其受体的表达对淋巴瘤患者的预后有一定指导意义,临床研究发现表达生长因子或其受体阳性患者比表达阴性患者有较差的临床预后。这可能与生长因子及其受体对淋巴瘤细胞的增殖、转移和耐药调控有关。目前生长因子及其受体已成为潜在的药物靶点,多种生长因子及其受体抑制剂在开发和临床试验中。本文就近年来生长因子及其受体在淋巴瘤中异常表达研究进展作简要综述。

The growth factor is a kind of polypeptide which can promote cell growth and regulate cell function when bind with their specific receptors. The downstream signaling pathways of growth factor and receptor include Ras/MAPK, PI3K/AKT and STAT, these signal pathways can not only regulate biological activities in normal cells, but also induce significant oncogenic effects including enhance cell proliferation, aberrant differentiation, malignant transformation and migration in tumor cells. It has been pointed out that several types of growth factors including VEGF, PDGF and IGF, and their corresponding receptors expressed aberrantly in solid tumors such as lung cancer, breast cancer, and colorectal cancer. Aberrant expression of growth factors and their receptors is also found in DLBCL, PTCL, ML and NL, which suggests the existence of autocrine/paracrine pathways in lymphomas. Expression of growth factors and their receptors has prognosis significance for lymphoma patients. Patients with positive expression of growth factors or their receptors have a worse prognosis than negative express patients. Growth factors and theiridownstream pathways contribute to the cell proliferation, transformation and drug resistant in lymphoma cells, which maybe the reason of worse prognosis. Growth factors and their receptors are becoming potential therapeutic targets and the inhibitors of several growth factors and their receptors are under research or clinical trials. In this article, the research progress of aberrant expression of growth factors and receptors in regulation of the tumor biology in lymphomas is reviewed.