细胞对机械刺激感知的生物力学机制

Biomechanical Mechanism for Cells to Perceive Mechanical Stimuli

细胞作为机体的基本单位,始终处于一个受力环境中。微环境中的细胞不仅受化学信号的影响,还受基质刚度、外界力载荷及胞外基质(ECM)结构的调控,这些都能影响细胞分化、迁移、形态发生、增殖等方面的生物学反应。目前,部分学者致力于细胞生物力学的应用和机制方面的探索,但对于细胞力学感知机理的认知仍无法形成一个完整的定论。本文将就整合素、G蛋白耦联受体、张力活化通道(SAC)、细胞核等介导的细胞生物力学感知通路作一综述。

Cells, as the basic unit of organism, arc always in a force-bearing environment. Presenting in microenvironment,cells are not only affected by chemical signal but also regulated by mechanical factors including the stiffness of substrate, the extemal force load and extraceUular cell matrix structure. All of these can influence cell differentiation, migration; morphogenesis, proliferation, and many other biological reactions. Nowadays, some scholars commit themselves to exploring the application and the mechanisms of cell biomechanics, but until now all the cognition about the mechanism of cell mechanics can not achieve a complete conclusion. In this paper, the biomechanical mechanism for cells to perceive mechanical stimuli from mechanotransduction pathways mediated by integrin, G protein-coupled receptors, stress activated channel and nucleus is discussed.