动态面孔表情优势效应的心理机制及神经基础

Psychological and Neural Mechanisms for the Superiority Effect of Dynamic Facial Expressions

动态面孔表情优势效应是指较静态面孔表情而言,个体在识别动态的面孔表情时表现出较好的识别能力。动态面孔表情优势效应的心理机制主要涉及增强的构形加工、补偿角色和面孔模仿能力。此外,该优势效应的神经网络则由核心的神经网络和扩展的神经网络组成,前者主要负责早期的知觉编码和刺激的运动加工,而后者与个体的面孔模仿能力、刺激的动态表征等有关。今后的研究应集中在完善延伸的神经网络、拓展其心理机制;开展动态面孔表情优势效应的发展性研究;考察面孔表情的刚性运动特征;注重在虚拟现实环境下研究动态面孔表情的优势效应。

The superiority effect of dynamic facial expressions is a well established phenomenon in the face processing literature, whereby dynamic facial expressions are better recognized than static facial expressions. The psychological mechanisms underlying this superiority effect include the enhancement of configural processing, the compensatory role, and the ability of facial mimicry. In addition, its neural networks consist of the core and extended system for face processing, the former is mainly responsible for the early perceptual code and motion processing of stimuli, while the latter is associated with the ability of facial mimicry and dynamic representation of stimuli. Future research should enrich the extended neural networks and psychological mechanisms, as well as conduct the developmental research for the superiority effect of dynamic facial expressions. There is also a need to investigate the rigid features of facial motion, and focus on the superiority effect of dynamic facial expressions in virtual reality environments.