急性脑梗死患者颅内动脉硬化及其危险因素的分析

Clinical Study of the Intracranial Atherosclerosis and Its Risk Factors in Acute Cerebral Infarction

目的研究急性脑梗死患者颅内动脉狭窄或闭塞的发生率和分布特点,以及与动脉硬化危险因素之间的关系。方法根据有无颅内动脉狭窄或闭塞,将122例急性脑梗死患者分为颅内动脉狭窄或闭塞组和无颅内动脉狭窄或闭塞组。分析颅内动脉狭窄的比例和各支动脉狭窄或闭塞的比例,分析症状性颅内动脉狭窄或闭塞的比例;比较两组年龄、性别、高血压病、糖尿病、吸烟、饮酒、血脂、血同型半胱氨酸、糖化血红蛋白等危险因素的差异;分析各支动脉狭窄或闭塞与以上危险因素的关系。结果 122例研究对象中,有颅内动脉狭窄或闭塞患者55例(45.1%),其中有症状性颅内动脉狭窄或闭塞患者36/55例(65.4%),多支动脉狭窄51/55例(92.7%)。颅内动脉狭窄或闭塞组的年龄(67.29±10.92)岁大于无颅内动脉狭窄或闭塞组(63.28±11.20)岁,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。大脑后动脉狭窄或闭塞患者患有糖尿病比例(58.1%)较无大脑后动脉狭窄或闭塞患者(16.7%)明显增高,差异有统计学意义(P=0.011)。结论急性脑梗死患者存在颅内动脉狭窄或闭塞的比例较高,颅内动脉狭窄或闭塞与年龄有关,大脑后动脉狭窄与糖尿病关系密切。

Aim To study the rates and distribution of the intracranial atherosclerosis in acute cerebral infarction, and its relationship with the risk factors of the atherosclerosis. Methods 122 cases were divided into two groups depending on the intracranial stenosis or occlusion. They are intracranial stenosis or occlusion group and non-intracranial stenosis or occlusion group. The ratio of patients with intracranial stenosis or occlusion and the ratio of patients of each involved artery were studied. The ratio of patients with symptomatic intracranial stenosis or occlusion were also studied. The relationship of intracranial stenosis or occlusion with risk factors were compared, such as age, gender, hypertention, diabetes mellitus, smoke, drink, homocysteine, lipid, Hb A1 c. Results There were 55 patients with intracranial stenosis or occlusion in total 122 cases（45.1%）, and 36 patients with symptomatic intracranial stenosis or occlusion（65.4%）. There were 51 patients with multi-vessel intracranial stenosis（92.7%）. The average age of the patients withintracranial stenosis or occlusion[（67.29±10.92） years] was older than that with non-intracranial stenosis or occlusion [（63.2±11.20） years], there was significant difference（P〈0.05）. The ratio of the patients with diabetes mellitus（58.1%） in posterior cerebral artery stenosis was higher than that of the patients without diabetes mellitus（16.7%）, there was statistic difference（P=0.011）. Conclusion There was a high ratio of intracranial stenosis in acute cerebral infarction. There was a relationship between intracranial stenosis and age. Posterior cerebral artery stenosis was relevent to diabetes mellitus.