中国石化海外典型探区地震勘探难点及技术对策

Seismic Prospecting Difficulties of Sinopec Overseas Typical Exploratory Areas and Their Technical Countermeasures

中国石化海外油气勘探分布于全球20多个国家和地区,探区数量多、分布广泛,各区地质-地震条件差异大,地震勘探程度及效果不同。通过对中国石化海外典型区块的分析研究,发现主要存在三类问题:复杂地表问题、复杂构造成像问题和复杂勘探目标(复杂储层)精细描述问题;通过对物探技术和资料效果的分析,找出海外探区地震勘探的主要难点:复杂地表条件造成的信噪比低、静校正难和资料不一致问题;复杂构造、盐丘及盐下成像难的问题;低幅度构造圈闭落实,小断块、薄砂层、小砂体的储层预测,深层目标层位的勘探,裂缝型油气藏勘探等。针对这些技术难题,根据国内外地震勘探新技术的发展趋势,结合典型探区的实际情况,提出了相应的地震勘探技术对策与方法,为各类探区的深入勘探提供依据。

Sinopec overseas oil and gas exploration is mainly distributed in more than 20 countries and districts all over the world, the exploratory areas are numerous and widely distributed, geo-seismic conditions in each area are larger different and the degree of seismic prospecting as well as its results in each area are also different. Based on the analysis and research of Sinopec overseas typical blocks, the article finds out main existing problems as the following 3 kinds： complex surface problems, complex structural imaging problems and complex exploration target （complex reservoir） accurate description problems. Based on the analysis of geophysical technologies and data results, t finds out main difficulties of overseas exploratory area seismic prospecting as follows： low SNR, difficult statics correction and inconsistent data caused by complex surface conditions, imaging difficulties in complex structure, salt dome and subsalt, ascertainment of low amplitude structural trap, reservoir prediction of small fault block, thin sad ayer and small sand body, exploration of deep layer target horizons and exploration of fractured reservoirs. Aiming at this technical difficulties, in the light of development trends for new domestic and foreign seismic prospecting technologies, combining with actual situation in typical exploratory areas, it puts forward relevant countermeasures and methods of seismic prospecting technologies, providing a basis of deep-going exploration of various exploratory areas.