内皮祖细胞源性胞外囊泡的研究进展

RESEARCH PROGRESS OF ENDOTHELIAL PROGENITOR CELLS DERIVED EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES

目的对内皮祖细胞（endothelial progenitor cells,EPCs）源性胞外囊泡（extracellular vesicles,EVs）（EPC-EVs）的分离纯化、生物学特性和功能方面的相关研究进行综述。方法广泛查阅近年来国内外EPC-EVs相关文献,进行综合分析和归纳总结。结果目前用于分离纯化EPC-EVs的方法主要为差速离心法。EPC-EVs在透射电镜下为形态较均一的球形颗粒,直径多为60～160 nm。EPC-EVs表达其来源细胞EPCs的表面标志物,如CD31、CD34和CD133;不表达血小板相关标志物P-选择素和CD42b以及单核细胞标志物CD14。研究发现,EPC-EVs具有对缺血性损伤、抗Thy-1肾炎和心肌肥厚的修复功能以及对心脑血管疾病的预测价值。结论 EPCEVs的研究前景广阔,但其所含成分、生物学功能和作用机制等还有待深入研究。

Objective To review the current progresses in purification strategies, biological characters, and functions of endothelial progenitor cells（EPCs） derived extracellular vesicles（EVs）（EPC-EVs）. Methods Recent relevant publications on the EPC-EVs were extensively reviewed, analyzed, and summarized. Results EPC-EVs are usually isolated by differential centrifugation and exhibit a homogenous pattern of spheroid particles with a diameter ranging from 60 to 160 nm under transmission electron microscopy. EPC-EVs are positive for cell-surface markers of EPCs（CD31, CD34, and CD133）, and negative for markers of platelets（P-selectin and CD42b） and monocytes（CD14）. Recent studies have shown the effectiveness of EPC-EVs in ischemic injuries, anti-Thy1 glomerulonephritis, and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, and also shown their predictive role in cardio-cerebral-vascular diseases. Conclusion An alluring prospect exists on the EPC-EVs-related research. Further studies are required to decipher the composition of EPC-EVs and their precise role in pathophysiological processes, and to investigate the molecular mechanisms for their targeting and function.