自动化集装箱码头穿越式双自动堆码起重机调度优化

Scheduling optimization for cross-over twin automated stacking cranes in automated container terminal

针对穿越式双自动堆码起重机(ASC)调度优化问题,考虑执行同一贝位任务时ASC间发生冲突的可能性,建立多目标混合整数规划模型。对双ASC执行任务的序列进行优化,得出规避冲突后的最优作业序列、作业完成时间和空载时间成本,证明了优化模型的实用性。为进一步比较穿越式双ASC与单ASC设备的效率差异,及分析参数对结果的影响,设计四组实验场景。分析结果表明:双ASC作业下的设备利用率比单ASC低107%,而作业效率比单ASC高35%;集装箱任务数的减少和ASC载具移动速度的增大会降低ASC的作业时间成本;存取比例为1时将得到最少的完成时间和空载时间。由结果可知,码头可通过调整ASC在一段时间内作业的存取箱比例,或不断优化ASC载具移动速度,优化整个任务的作业效率和设备利用率。

For the scheduling optimization problem of cross-over twin Automated Stacking Crane （ASC）, a muhi- objective mathematical formulation model was proposed with considering the conflicts between two ASCs while reaching the same bay. The operation sequences of ASC was optimized, the optimal task sequence, task finish time and ASC＇s idle time after avoiding the conflict were gained and the practicality of optimized model was proved. Four experiment scenarios were performed to further analyze the efficiency difference between twin ASC and single ASC, and the effects of parameter changes. The results illustrate that the utilization rate of equipment of twin ASC is 107% lower, and the operation efficiency is 35% higher than single ASC. The ASV＇s total operation time will be decreased while the number of containers decreases and the travel speed of ASC increases. While the ratio of storages and retrieves of containers is 1, the optimized tasks＇ total operation time and ASC＇s idle time will be gained. It shows that the container terminals can improve their operation through adjusting the ratio of storages and retrieves during a short period or optimizing ASC travel speed.