慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者住院状况分析

Survey of hospitalization status of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

目的探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者住院状况。方法对2008年1月-2014年12月在本院住院的慢性阻塞性肺疾病12838例患者住院情况进行调查分析。结果 12838例患者中病情需要住院治疗2499例（19.47%）,急性发作住院治疗5455例（42.49%）,急性加重住院治疗4884例（38.04%）;男女患者住院比例约5.32∶1,男女患者在71-80岁是住院高发年龄段;患者住院次数最少1次,最多38次,平均（3.52±4.05）次。结论慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者主要因病情急性发作和急性加重而住院,年龄主要集中在71-80岁年龄段,男性患者多于女性患者。提示应根据患者的住院原因拟定个体延续护理策略,降低患者急性发作急性加重住院率,并为住院高峰年龄段患者制订院前救护预案,实施前瞻性护理。

Objective To explore the hospitalization status of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（ COPD）.Method In total, 12,838 COPD patients hospitalized from January 2008 to December 2014 were involved in the study and their hospitalization status were analyzed. Results Among the 12,838 patients, 2,499 were hospitalized for critical conditions（19.47%）,5,455 for acute attack（42.49%）, 4,884 for acute exacerbation（38.04%）. The ratio of male / female was 5.32 ：1. Those in 71 to 80 years old were at the highest risk. They were hospitalized at least for 1 time, at most for over 38 times, averaged（3.52 ± 4.05） times.Conclusions The COPD patients were hospitalized due to acute attack and acute exacerbation. The patients＇ age ranged from 71 to 80 years. The male patients had a predominant incidence than the female ones. The times of hospitalization were related with possible complications of other chronic diseases. Therefore, nursing staff should draw up individual continuing nursing strategies based on the patients′ hospitalization reasons to reduce the hospitalization rate of acute attack and acute exacerbation. Meanwhile, we should formulate the pre-hospital rescue plan for the hospitalized patients at the peak age and implement prospective nursing.