坑道内典型工业炸药爆炸灾害效应的数值模拟

NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF DISASTER EFFECTS IN TUNNEL INDUCED BY TYPICAL INDUSTRIAL EXPLOSIVES

为了研究典型工业炸药在相对封闭的空间中爆炸产生的灾害效应,利用非线性动力学方法对3种典型的工业炸药(2号岩石硝铵炸药、乳化炸药、铵油炸药)在坑道内爆炸冲击波的传播特性和温度场分布情况进行了模拟计算,重点研究了工业炸药爆炸产生的超压与冲量破坏效应,并与传统高能炸药TNT进行对比分析。结果表明:2号岩石硝铵炸药爆炸产生的冲击波超压破坏作用和冲量破坏作用最大,乳化炸药次之,铵油炸药的破坏作用最小;爆炸均产生了明显二次超压破坏现象,其出现的原因是坑道局部出现冲击波聚焦现象;在高温灾害效应方面,2号岩石硝铵炸药的高温灾害效应最高,乳化炸药次之,铵油炸药最小。并将数值模拟结果与经验公式结果进行了比较,其吻合较好,证明了计算模型和参数选择的合理性。

To study the explosion disaster effects induced by typical industrial explosives in tunnel, the nonlinear dynamics method was used to simulate the propagation characteristics of explosive shock wave and temperature field distribution. Three kinds of typical industrial explosives were used to calculate inclu- ding No. 2 AN rock explosive, emulsion explosive and ANFO. The destructive effects of the shock wave overpressure and impulse induced by them were mainly researched and analyzed by comparing with the typ- ical high explosive TNT. The results showed that the destructive effects of the shock wave overpressure and impulse induced by No. 2 AN rock explosive was the most and the second was emulsion explosive, fol- lowed by ANFO. All the three industrial explosives induced obviously destructive effect by return shock due to the shock wave focused in part of tunnel. For the high temperature damage effect, the highest temperature was induced by No. 2 AN rock explosion, the emulsion explosive was lower, and the ANFO was the lowest. By comparing the results of numerical simulation data with empirical formula, the rationality of the calculation model and parameters selection were proved.