海洋石油降解菌群的固定化及石油降解特性

IMMOBILIZATION OF MARINE OIL-DEGRADATING BACTERIAL CONSORTIUN AND ITS DEGRADATION CHARACTERISTICS

为克服岸滩溢油生物修复过程中海浪冲刷等不利环境对石油降解菌(群)岸滩定植的影响,本文利用聚乙烯醇(PVA)和海藻酸钠作为载体对石油降解菌群DC10进行固定化,通过研究细菌固定化微球的机械性能、传质性能及石油降解特性等参数,确定石油降解菌群的最优固定化条件。实验结果表明:6%PVA,2%海藻酸钠及0.5%活性炭制备的凝胶可以通过蠕动泵方便快捷制备细菌固定化微球,其粘度小、易成型、机械强度高。海洋石油降解分析表明,与游离菌体(FB)相比,固定化菌群12d石油降解率提高了近7%;GC-MS分析显示,石油烷烃和芳烃降解效果显著。实验证明,石油降解菌群DC10经过固定化处理,其石油降解活性提高,连续降解能力增强,该研究为溢油岸滩的生物修复提供新的技术方法。

To apply effectively biodegradable bacteria for coastal petroleum pollution remediation, we optimized the condition of immobilization of bacterial consortium DC10（Chinese patent No.ZL201010223463.6 specific to marine biodegradation to petroleum cleanup） with polyvinyl alcohol（PVA） and sodium alginate as biocarriers in terms of oil degrading capacity, physical strength, and mass-transfer performance of the microspheres. Immobilized bacterial microspheres could be made easily by a peristaltic pump with hydrogel that composed of 6% PVA, 2% sodium alginate, and 0.5% activated carbon. The microspheres are 4—6mm in diameter and featured low viscosity, easy molding, and high mechanical strength. Compared with free bacterial consortium, the immobilized microspheres enhanced the total petroleum degradation rate by 7% after biodegradation for 12 d. Through biodegrading spectrum analyzed in GC/MS, the removal rates of n-alkanes and polycylclic aromatic hydrocarbon（PAHs） increased significantly. Therefore, the application with the immobilized bacterial microspheres could increase the biodegradation effectively to coastal petroleum leaking and shall be promoted in future cases.