福建省农民专业合作社融资能力研究及实证分析

Financing Capability of Farmers′Cooperatives in Fujian

对农民专业合作社融资渠道与资金匮乏原因进行调查分析,并运用层次分析法和模糊综合评价法,在实地调研数据的支撑下,构建包括基础保障能力、理事长及相关能力、持续发展能力、财务完善情况等4方面共21个指标的农民专业合作社融资能力评价指标体系,在此基础上,对福建省44家种植及养殖类农民专业合作社示范社的融资能力进行了测算评价,评价结果表明:福建省农民专业合作社示范社整体融资能力不强,不同合作社融资能力有差异,养殖类合作社比种植类合作社更易获得融资,大宗产品种植类专业合作社比小宗产业种植类专业合作社融资能力更强。基础保障能力、理事长及相关能力与合作社融资能力的相关性很大,持续发展能力与合作社融资能力相关性并不稳定,合作社制度完善情况普遍都比较好。最后,从创新金融支持合作社的方式、提升合作社自身筹资能力、加强理事长及重要骨干力量的培训、优化政府对农民专业合作社的资金扶持机制等4个方面提出了对策建议。

The financing channels and funding sources the Provincial Farmers′Cooperatives in the province relied on for raising their capital were surveyed.Based on the information obtained,the causes of the financial shortages the organizations experienced in the past were thoroughly analyzed by means of the analytical hierarchy process and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation.As a result,aprogram consisting of 21 criteria was developed to evaluate the individual cooperative′s ability to provide basic loan guarantees and maintain a sustainable development and a stable fiscal status,as well as the executive＇s professional competency and managerial skills.Our survey on 44farmers＇ cooperatives in the province seemed to show（a）ageneral lack of marketing expertise in the organizations;（b）a significant deviation between the cooperatives＇ ability to secure funds for the businesses associated with crop breeding/aquaculture and that for the operations involved in conventional farming;also,between that for the largescale commodity segments and the small-sized firms;and,（c）a considerable variation on the professional skill levels of the top management.These shortfalls inevitably impeded an efficient operation for some cooperatives,even though their infrastructures were generally updated.Accordingly,suggestions concerning how to effectively enhance their fundraising capability,strengthen personnel training,and vitalize support mechanism are presented.