西安市单亲女性的生活质量及贫困化研究

The Impoverishment and the QOL of the Single Women with Children in Xi'an City

利用社会调查资料,借鉴生活质量与贫困概念,分析西安市单亲女性群体的生活质量与贫困化现状。研究结果表明:(1)与已婚家庭女性群体相比,她们的客观生活质量和主观生活质量均明显偏低。(2)因为离婚或丧偶,经济收入、健康状况和抚养子女及住房压力显著影响她们的生活质量。(3)她们的经济满意度、居住满意度和生活总体满意度之间具有显著的正向相关关系。(4)考虑到生活质量,她们已经成为城市贫困中不可忽视的重要群体。分析城市单亲女性群体的生活质量有利于把握其贫困程度。建议,将她们纳入社会保障体系中重点优抚,特别是就业保障和住房保障应成为政府制定政策重点考虑的事项。

Using the data of social investigation and the concept of quality of life（QOL） and poverty, the paper analyzes the current situation of the QOL and the impoverishment of the single women with children in Xi＇an city. The research results show：（1）Compared with the married women, single women＇s objective quality of life and subjective quality of life are significantly lower;（2）Because of divorce or widow, economic income, health condition and raising children and housing pressure greatly influence their quality of life;（3）Their subjective quality of life has significant positive correlation among the economic, resident and overall satisfaction;（4）In consideration of the seriousness of their QOL,they have become urban poverty population that cannot be ignored. To study urban single women＇s quality of life is helpful to master their impoverishment and official policy should emphatically consider the social vulnerable groups. The article suggests that they should be brought into the social security system prioritized by governments,especially the employment security and housing security.