大惯性负载液压系统启动冲击成因及控制

The Causes and Control of Startup Impact of Hydraulic Systems with High Inertia Loads

大惯性负载液压系统在启动过程中往往产生较大的冲击与振动。分析大惯性负载启动冲击的成因,通过把进油路容腔分为前、后两容腔分别进行数学建模,推导出启动冲击压力的估算公式。根据启动冲击成因提出控制方法,即溢流阀的开启压力前期按照线性规律增加,中后期按照对数函数规律增加,主阀芯按照线性规律开启。把该控制方法运用在大惯性负载系统中进行仿真研究,以执行器进油腔压力升高特性作为主要研究指标。仿真表明,采用该控制方法,可以减小执行器进油腔的最高冲击压力和压力波动幅值,使启动过程更平稳。

The hydraulic system with high inertia loads usually has great startup impact and vibration. In this paper, the reason of the startup impact was analyzed. The mathematical models of the front part and the rear part of the oil cavity of the hydraulic system were established respectively, and the estimation formula of the startup impact pressure was deduced. According to the Causes of the startup impact, a control method was put forward. In this method, the opening pressure of the relief valve was set to increase linearly earlier and increase in accordance with the logarithmic law later, and the main valve core opened linearly. This control method was also applied to the simulation of the high inertia load system with the pressure rising characteristics in the inlet oil cavity as the main output. The simulation result shows that this control method can reduce the maximum shock pressure and the amplitude of pressure fluctuation in the inlet oil cavity, and make the startup process smoother.