温度和盐度对红刺参(Apostichopus japonicus)耗氧率与排氨率的影响

Effects of Temperature and Salinity on Oxygen Consumption Rate and Ammonia-N Excretion Rate of Red Apostichopus japonicus(Selenka)

采用室内实验生态学方法,研究了不同温度(7、12、17、22、27℃)、盐度(23、26、29、32、35、38)对两种体重S组(1.68–3.48 g)和L组(15.78–20.79 g)红刺参(Apostichopus japonicus)耗氧率(OCR)和排氨率(AER)的影响。结果显示,温度对红刺参OCR和AER均有极显著影响(P<0.01);体重对红刺参OCR无显著影响(P>0.05),而对AER有极显著影响(P<0.01)。温度和体重交互作用对红刺参OCR和AER有极显著影响(P<0.01)。S组红刺参的OCR和AER随温度的升高而增加;L组红刺参OCR和AER均随温度的升高而升高,而在22℃有所降低后又升高。盐度、体重对红刺参OCR和AER均有显著影响(P<0.05)。盐度和体重交互作用对红刺参OCR和AER均无显著影响(P>0.05)。S组和L组红刺参的OCR和AER均随盐度的升高而呈M形变化,在盐度为29和32时较低,而在盐度为26和35时较高。红刺参OCR和AER与体重呈负相关的幂函数方程R=a W b。不同温度下S组和L组红刺参O:N范围分别为4.75–11.74和10.71–15.52;不同盐度S组和L组红刺参O:N范围分别为6.37–12.29和8.24–12.10。综上所述,L组红刺参对高温的耐受能力较S组弱;S组和L组红刺参对低盐和高盐的耐受性较差,其最适盐度范围为29–32。

The current study investigated the effects of temperature（7,12,17,22,and 27℃） and salinity（23,26,29,32,35,and 38） on oxygen consumption rate（OCR） and ammonia-N excretion rate（AER） of small group（S）（1.68？3.48 g） and large group（L）（15.78？20.79 g） red Apostichopus japonicus.The results showed that temperature had significant effect on OCR and AER of red A.japonicus,and that body size significantly affected the AER but not OCR.There was significant interaction between body size and temperature（P〈0.01）.OCR and AER of S group was increased with the increasing of temperature; however,OCR and AER of L group were enhanced when temperature ranged from 7 to 17℃,and diminished at 22℃,and then increased at 27℃.Salinity and body size had significant effect on OCR and AER（P〈0.05）,and there was no significant interaction between body size and salinity（P〈0.01）.The effects of salinity on OCR and AER of two body groups of red A.japonicus showed a shape of ‘M＇,which was lower at salinity of 29 and 32 and higher at salinity of 26 and 35.There is a negative regressive function R = a Wb between the OCR/AER and body size.O：N ratios in different temperatures were covered range of 4.75？11.74 for S group and 10.71？15.52 for L group,respectively; O：N ratios in different salinities were covered range of 6.37？12.29 for S group and 8.24？12.10 for L group,respectively.These results demonstrated that the large group red type A.japonicus could not tolerate higher temperature and two group sea cucumbers were sensitive to lower and higher salinity.The study indicated that the optimum salinity range for red type A.japonicus was 29？32.