闽南地区水产品中邻苯二甲酸酯类(PAEs)的分布特征及风险评价

The Distribution Characteristics and Risk Assessment of Phthalic Acid Esters(PAEs) in Aquatic Products in Minnan Region

根据2013年1月和7月对闽南沿海地区(厦门、漳州、泉州)水产品中邻苯二甲酸酯类(PAEs)的调查,探讨该地区不同类型水产品中PAEs的残留水平和分布特征,并对PAEs的污染状况及其生态风险进行了评价。结果显示,海水鱼类PAEs总量为2.45×102-1.13×103μg/kg(湿重,下同),均值为6.78×102μg/kg;淡水鱼类PAEs含量范围为4.36×102-1.37×103μg/kg,均值为8.73×102μg/kg;虾类PAEs含量范围为3.22×102-1.27×103μg/kg,均值为7.76×102μg/kg;蟹类PAEs含量范围为6.17×102-1.20×103μg/kg,均值为7.91×102μg/kg;贝类PAEs含量范围为9.77×102-1.35×103μg/kg,均值为1.22×103μg/kg。所有水产品中均未检测出邻苯二甲酸丁基苄基酯(BBP)和邻苯二甲酸二正辛酯(DNOP)残留,其他4种PAEs的残留量按邻苯二甲酸二-(2-乙基己基)酯(DEHP)、邻苯二甲酸二正丁酯(DBP)、邻苯二甲酸二乙酯(DEP)、邻苯二甲酸二甲酯(DMP)的顺序递减。PAEs在不同类型水产品中均有不同程度的残留,表明环境中PAEs在水产品体内的富集已是一个较为普遍的现象。针对食用水产品进入人体的DEHP和DBP,进行健康风险评价,结果显示,该地区水产品中的接触风险指数ERI均小于1,表明闽南地区通过食用水产品途径暴露于PAEs的接触风险是可接受的。

According to the results of the Phthalic Acid Esters（PAEs） content in the aquatic products collected from Minnan region（Xiamen,Zhangzhou,and Quanzhou） in January and July of 2013,we discussed the PAEs residue levels and the distribution characteristics in different aquatic products and evaluated the contamination status and the ecological risk caused by PAEs.The results showed that the content of PAEs in seawater fish varied from 2.45×10^2 to 1.13×10^3 μg/kg（wet weight,similarly hereinafter） and the mean value was 6.78×10^2 μg/kg.The PAEs content in freshwater fish varied from 4.36×10^2 to 1.37×10^3 μg/kg with the mean value of 8.73×10^2 μg/kg.The PAEs content in shrimp varied from 3.22×10^2 to 1.27×10^3 μg/kg and the mean value was 7.76×10^2 μg/kg.The PAEs content in crab varied from 6.17×10^2 to 1.20×10^3 μg/kg with the mean value of 7.91×10^2 μg/kg.The PAEs content in shellfish varied from 9.77×10^2 to 1.35×10^3 μg/kg and the mean value was 1.22×10^3 μg/kg.Butyl benzyl phthalate（BBP） and di-n-octyl phthalate（DNOP） were not detected in all aquatic products.The order of other four PAEs residues content was di（2-ethylhexyl） phthalate（DEHP） di-n-butyl ortho-phthalate（DBP） diethyl phthalate（DEP） dimethyl phthalate（DMP）.PAEs had different levels of residues in aquatic products,suggesting a common phenomenon for the enrichment of PAEs in the aquatic products.Compared with other domestic regions,the detection rate and the value of DEHP were higher,indicating that part of the ecological environment in Minnan region had been polluted by DEHP.The expose risk index（ERI） of DBP and DEHP in organic pollutants through feeding was less than 1,suggesting that the risk of exposure to the PAEs was low and acceptable by consuming the aquatic products.