伊哈布·哈桑:后现代文学批评理论的先驱

Ihab Hassan:The Pioneer of the Theorization of Postmodernism

伊哈布·哈桑在20世纪后半期关于后现代主义的理论论争中是一个开创性的关键人物。他在文学批评理论处于相对真空的时期,通过对各种具有先锋倾向的文学创作进行研究,率先提出了后现代主义理论,并具体阐述了后现代主义的特征和理论内涵。他把后现代主义理论从文学领域扩展到文化和哲学领域,其影响从美国波及到欧洲及世界其他地区。哈桑把后现代主义的根本特征界定为"不确定的内在性",通过对现代主义、先锋派和后现代主义之间断裂与延续的复杂关系的探讨,提出了具有浓厚后现代主义特征的"超越批评"的概念。哈桑对后现代主义理论的贡献集中体现在提出、界定、传播和践行后现代主义理论。

Ihab Hassan is a pioneer and key figure in the theoretical debate on postmodernism in the late half of the twentieth Century. In a relative stagnant period of literary criticism theory, he surveys various types of pioneer literature, proposes for the first time the theory of postmodernism, and elaborates on the characteristics and theoretical implications of postmodernism. He extends the theory of postmodernism further to the fields of culture and philosophy, and with it his influence has also spread from the United States to Europe and other parts of the world. Hassan defines the fundamental characteristics of postmodernism as ＂indetermanence. ＂ After exploring the complex relationships of the continuity and discontinuity between modernism, avant- garde and postmodernism, he puts forward the concept of ＂paracriticism. ＂ Hassan＇s contributions to the theory of postmodernism lie mainly in proposing, defining, propagating and practicing the theory of postmodernism.