虚假信息威胁民航安全行为的刑法规制——以1971年《蒙特利尔公约》为视角

On the Criminal Regulation to the False Information Threatening the Safety of Civil Aviation:From the perspective of the Montreal Convention Made in 1971

飞行中的航空器具有速度快、风险高、易受干扰的特点,以虚假信息威胁航空器飞行安全,极易发生飞行事故。与一般公共场所的事故后果相比,散布虚假信息给民航飞行安全造成的后果更严重,所以编造、故意传播虚假恐怖信息罪的适用难以达致立法的预期效果。为严密我国刑事法网、与国际公约相衔接,有必要具体考察1971年《蒙特利尔公约》的相关规定,应在厘清我国刑法条文与之对接过程中存在的问题基础上,在我国刑法分则第二章危害公共安全罪中创设"以虚假信息危及飞行安全罪",作为我国刑法第一百二十三条之一。

Due to such characteristics as high speed,high risk,and vulnerability to interference,the aircraft in flight is easily endangered by false information and flight accidents are very likely to happen. Compared with consequences of accidents in general public places,the consequences induced by spreading false information to civil aviation are more serious. Thus,it is difficult to achieve the expected lawmaking effect to accuse the suspects of the crime of fabricating and deliberately spreading false terrorist information. It is therefore necessary to introduce The Montreal Convention＇s provisions made in 1971 to harshly punish the acts of endangering the safety of flight by false information. The paper proposes to make ＂the crime of endangering the safety of flight by means of false information＂Article 123 in Chapter Two of Specific Provisions of the Criminal Law.