基于标准化患者的本科护生沟通能力培养创新教学模式研究

Research about innovative teaching mode of communicated ability for undergraduate nursing students based on standardized patient

目的 探索基于标准化患者的本科护生沟通能力培养的创新教学模式并评价其效果.方法 采用简单随机抽样的方法选取2012年入学四年制护理专业本科二年级学生86人,分为实验组41人和对照组45人.实验组采用以标准化患者为载体的技能教学模式进行教学,对照组采用以模拟人为载体的技能教学模式进行教学,持续时间为1学年.课程结束后,采用自评和他评2种方式评估护生沟通能力情况.结果 实验组和对照组护生的沟通能力总分分别为（94.39±8.18）分和（87.04±6.56）分,2组比较差异有统计学意义,t=4.61,P＜0.0l.教师对实验组和对照组护生临床沟通能力的满意度分别为63％（26/41）和24％（11/45）,2组比较差异有统计学意义,P＜0.01.标准化患者对实验组和对照组护生技能的非常满意度分别为37％（15/41）和22％（10/45）,2组比较差异有统计学意义,P＜0.01.标准化患者对实验组和对照组护生沟通能力的非常满意度分别为56％（23/41）和22％（10/45）,2组比较差异有统计学意义,P＜0.01.结论 以标准化患者为载体的教学模式有利于提高护生的沟通能力,同时也为构建培养护生沟通能力的教学体系提供借鉴.

Objective To explore innovative teaching mode of cultivating the communicated ability of undergraduate nursing students based on standardized patients and then evaluate its effect.Methods To select 2 classes of sophomore randomly,four-year nursing undergraduate enrolling in 2012,was divided into the experimental group and the control group.Experimental group used standardized patients as carrier of skills and control group took dummy patient as carrier of skills lasting for one academic year.Assessed by others and self-assessment was used to evaluate the communicated ability of nursing students at end of the course respectively.Results There was statistical significance between two groups in the score of communicated ability,94.39±8.18 vs 87.04±6.56,t=4.61,P ＜ 0.01.Teachers for clinical communication ability of nursing students and standardized patients for skills and clinical communication ability of nursing students were more satisfied with experimental group,the satisfactory rate in the experimental group was 63％（26/41）,37％（15/41） and 56％（23/41） respectively,which were higher than those in the control group [24％（11/45）,22％（10/45） and 22％（10/45）],P＜ 0.01.Conclusion It is helpful for increasing communicated ability of nursing students taking standardized patients as practice objects which could be as a reference for building teaching system of nursing students in communication.