生物质能源的应用技术研究

Research on the application of biomass energy

化石能源的日益紧缺及其衍生的环境污染问题越来越严重。生物质能源的开发和应用,以其可再生性和环保性,越来越受到人们的重视。就目前的应用现状来看,其应用形态,主要分为固态生物质能源、液态生物质能源和气态生物质能源三种。采用物理方法的生物质固态成型技术的优势在于设备简单,生产工艺简便,利用方式简洁,但也同样存在着加工方式粗放,能源转换效率低下等劣势。液态生物质能源能够直接替代现在化石能源的可能性最大,但是它的生产工艺复杂,专业化集成度较高,推广有一定的限制。气态生物质能源利用最广泛,主要有气化发电和农用沼气等方式。存在的主要利用瓶颈就是气态生物质当中含有多种杂质,去除杂质的方法缺乏。经过研究发现,虽然生物质能源的发展受到一些限制,但是随着其利用技术的进步和现代经济社会的发展,生物质能源的开发和利用前景很广阔。

It was more and more serious for the increasingly shortage of fossil and its derivative of the environmental pollution.More attentions were paid on the development and application of biomass energy for its renewable and environmental protection.According to the current application status,the application forms of biomass energy could be divided into solid,liquid and gaseous.The advantages of solid biomass energy produced by physical method were of simple equipments,processing technology and utility pattern,while the shortages were of low energy conversion efficiency and processing pattern.The fossil energy was most likely to be replaced by liquid biomass energy,while the application of the latter was limited for its complex processing pattern and high professional integration.Gaseous biomass energy was used most widely as gasification power generation and agricultural biogas.The main problem was that there were many impurities in gaseous biomass energy and lack of impurities removing methods.According to the investigation,although the development of biomass energy is limited in some aspects,the prospects for exploitation and utilization of biomass energy are great with the progress of the utility technology and development of modern economic society.