“拿”类手部动词词汇化模式的英汉对比研究

A Contrastive Study of the Lexicalization Patterns of “Take” Type Hand Verbs in English and Chinese

根据Talmy的词汇化模式理论,学界将英汉动词词汇化模式概括为"动作+方式/原因+X(边缘语义成分)",发现英语方式动词较多,词汇化程度也高。有学者则提出,就"背负"类身体动词而言,汉语远多于英语,词汇化程度也高于英语,但对此缺乏系统的研究。本文以英汉"拿"类手部动词(汉语"背负"类动词近80%为该类)为例,通过统计发现汉语动词仅略多于英语,词汇化程度仍低于英语,从而证明英汉词汇化模式均为"动作+方式/原因+X"。

Based on Talmy's theory of lexicalization patterns, recent studies have revealed that manner verbs in English outnumber those in Chinese, and also display a higher degree of lexicalization, though these verbs in both languages are lexicalized as the pattern of 'A ction + Manner/Cause + X '(X refers to the peripheral semantic components of verbs). However,some scholars claim that Chinese exceeds English in terras of the ' take' type body verbs(in Chinese nearly 80% of those verbs belong to the' take' type Hand verbs?. In this paper we present a component!al analysis of the 'take ' type Hand verbs, and the statistics show that?(i) Chinese verbs only slightly outnumber their English counterparts;( ii) English verbs are still more integratedly lexicalized,albeit the lexicalization of these verbs in both languages follow the pattern of' Action+Manner/Cause+X'.