抗战时期中国盐业产销概况研究

The Research on the General Situation of the Production and Marketing of the Salt Industry in China during the Anti-Japanese War

抗战时期,中国盐业被划分为沦陷区、国统区、边区三大主要区域,由之前的控制发展转变为各区域都以增产为目的。沦陷区的增产完全是为了满足扩大侵略战争和掠夺中国资源的需要,主要是靠扩大盐田面积和压榨中国廉价劳动力来实现增产。国统区是由于后方军民所需食盐激增,亟须扩大生产规模满足民用军需。为达增产目的,国民政府开始注重盐业技术的改良,并鼓励盐化工业发展。陕甘宁边区的盐业生产不仅要满足边区内部军需民用的需求,而且成为边区政府调节财政经济的重要支柱。边区在实现食盐增产过程中,注重保护群众利益,发挥组织优势,在艰苦的条件下,实现食盐对外的运销。

During the period of the Anti-Japanese War,the geological area of China＇s salt industry was divided into enemy-occupied area,KMT-controlled area and the Border Region.The developing mode changed from the former restriction to the target of increasing production.The increasing production in the enemy-occupied area was totally for the needs of expanding the aggression war and plundering China＇s resources,mostly realized by expanding the area of salt pan and oppressing Chinese cheap labor force.In the KMT-controlled area,owning to the steep rising need of table salt,the salt production scale had to be expanded immediately to meet the needs.To realize the goal,the KMT Government started to focus on improving salt technology and encouraging the development of the salt and chemical industry.The salt produced in Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region not only met the needs of internal military and civilian but also became an important support for the Border Region government to regulate the finance and economy.In the process of increasing salt production,the Border Region emphasized people＇s interests and realized the outward salt transportation and marketing with its organizational advantage even under the arduous circumstances.