云南省中低产茶园土壤化学成分现状调查及分析

Investigation and Analysis on Soil Chemical Constituents of Middle-and Low-Yielding Tea Plantations in Yunnan Province

实地采样测定了云南省茶叶主产区西双版纳、普洱、临沧和保山等地区中低产茶园土壤有机质、氮、磷、钾和重金属元素等的含量。结果表明:其土壤有机质平均含量为38.53 g/kg;全氮、全磷、全钾的平均含量分别为1.72、0.55、12.93 g/kg,碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾的平均含量分别为137.43、5.81、79.1 mg/kg,三大营养元素均存在不同程度的缺乏,特别是磷、钾元素成为茶园土壤养分供应的主要限制因子,建议在茶园中适当施用磷钾肥;少部分茶园铬、铅、镉、汞的含量超标,建议在茶园管理中注意所使用肥料、农药中重金属元素的含量。

The content of organic matter,nitrogen,phosphorous,potassium and heavy metals in soil of the middle- and low- yielding tea plantations in main production areas such as Xishuangbanna,Puer,Lincang and Baoshan of Yunnan Province. The results showed that the average soil organic matter was 38. 53 g / kg. The contents of total nitrogen,total phosphorous and total potassium were 1. 72,0. 55 and 12. 93 g / kg respectively. The average contents of alkali- hydrolyzable nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium were 137. 43,5. 81 and 79. 1 mg / kg respectively. Nitrogen,phosphorous and potassium were lack in different degrees in every region,especially phosphorous and potassium. The phosphorous and potassium were suggested to be applied properly in tea gardens. As the contents of chromium,lead,cadmium and mercury were over standard,the heavy metal content in fertilizers and pesticides should be paid attention to in tea garden management.