长期增施CO_2对蝴蝶兰生长与开花的影响

Effects of Long-term Elevated CO_2 on Growth and Flowering in Phalaenopsis

研究了长期(240 d)增施CO2(800±50)μmol·mol-1和大气CO2浓度约400μmol·mol-1(对照)对蝴蝶兰‘内山姑娘’净CO2吸收速率、生长和开花的影响。结果表明:蝴蝶兰属CAM植物类型,叶片净CO2吸收速率在22:00左右达到最大值,可滴定酸的积累在6:00左右达到顶峰。增施CO2显著提高蝴蝶兰夜间的净CO2吸收速率,并达到对照的两倍,可滴定酸的积累比对照增加44%。蝴蝶兰生物量的积累在增施CO2条件下也显著增加,植株干样和鲜样质量分别增加31%和28%。此外,增施CO2使蝴蝶兰的花期提前了5.4 d,提高了蝴蝶兰的产量和花部品质,其中花朵数比对照增加了66%。

Effects of long-term elevated CO2 on net CO2 uptake, growth and flowering of Phalaenopsis‘Neishan Guniang＇were studied under elevated CO2（800 ± 50）μmol · mol^-1 and ambient CO2 concentration（approximately 400 μmol · mol^-1）for 240 d. The results showed that Phalaenopsis was a CAM orchid with the net CO2 uptake rate and the contents of titratable acidity reached the maximum at 22：00 and 6：00,respectively. Elevated CO2 significantly increased the net CO2 uptake rate in Phalaenopsis leaves,which was almost arrived two-fold comparison of in the control,and the content of titratable acidity was increased 44% by CO2 elevated. Elevated CO2 resulted in the increase of the accumulation of biomass which increased by 31% in dry weight and 28% in fresh weight. In addition,elevated CO2 not only advanced the flowering time by 5.4 d in Phalaenopsis,but also increased flower quantity and quality,with the number of flowers increased by 66%.