花生植株类黄酮提取技术优化研究

Optimization of extraction technology of flavonoids in peanut plant

分别以花生叶片、根系为材料,研究提取剂、料液比、提取时间、提取温度等因素对类黄酮提取效率的影响。结果表明,花生叶片根系干样类黄酮提取的最佳条件是：以70%乙醇作为提取剂,料液比为1∶233,25℃黑暗振荡提取18h,或者70%乙醇,60℃提取1h。花生叶片鲜样类黄酮提取的最佳条件是：以无水乙醇作为提取剂,料液比为1∶40,在25℃黑暗条件下提取18h,或者80℃提取1h。最后过滤提取液,用Al（NO3）3显色法进行类黄酮含量测定。不同花生品种叶片类黄酮含量差异显著,其变异范围为2.97～11.1mg/gDW,正常生长条件下农大818、大白玉、花育20号等品种叶片类黄酮含量较高。

To optimize the extraction technology of peanut flavonoids,the effects of extraction solvent,solid-liquid ratio,extraction time and temperature on flavonoids extraction rate were determined by using peanut leaves and roots. Results showed that the optimum conditions for extracting flavonoids in dry leaves and roots were to shake extraction under dark conditions at 25℃ for 18 h using 70% ethanol as extraction solvent with 1∶ 233 of solid- liquid ratio. Alternatively,peanut flavonoids were extracted using 70% ethanol at 60℃ for 1h. For fresh leaves of peanut,the optimum extracting conditions were to shake extraction under dark conditions at 25℃ for 18 h using100% ethanol with 1∶ 40 of solid- liquid ratio. Alternatively,peanut flavonoids were extracted using 100% ethanol with 1∶ 40 of solid- liquid ratio at 80℃ for 1h. Finally,the extract solution was filtrated and used for measurement of flavonoids by Al（ NO3）3colorimetry. Total flavonoids contents in leaves of different peanut cultivars showed significant differences,ranged from 2. 97 to 11. 1mg / gDW. Much higher flavonoids contents were detected in Nongda818,Dabaiyu and Huayu20.