新疆少数民族普通话普及度调查抽样设计

Sampling Design of Putonghua Popularity Survey for Ethnic Minorities in Xinjiang

新疆少数民族普通话普及度调查,对促进新疆地区的民族团结和国家的长治久安具有重大意义,抽样设计直接影响着后期的调查与研究。抽样设计的对象为新疆境内维、哈、柯、蒙、塔、锡等6个民族人群;抽样原则有二:一是以等比例抽样为基础,大民族样本量向小民族样本量适当倾斜,二是调查点的选择以"一市两县"为主,"一市三县"为辅;抽样实施过程是首先在地州选点,然后按民族、城乡、性别、年龄、文化程度等实施样本抽取。

Putonghua popularity of ethnic minorities in Xinjiang is of great significance to the solidity of ethnic minorities in Xinjiang and stability of the nation. Whether the sampling design is proper or not will have direct effect on the investigation and study in the later period. The sampling subjects include six ethnic minority groups： the Uygur, Kazak, Kirghiz, Mongolian, Tajik, Xibe. Two sampling principles were used： first, on the basis of proportional sampling, large national sample size inclines to the small national sample size appropriately. Second, on the survey point, ＂one city and two counties＂ in accordance with the administrative area is the mainly method, sometimes increased one county. The implementation process on the design of sampling involve two steps, the selection of the state point, and then the sample extraction by race, urban and rural, gender, age, education.