妊娠期肥胖妇女的营养治疗

The Nutritional Therapy of Obese Pregnant Women

妊娠期肥胖是指妊娠期妇女体内脂肪组织过度蓄积的状态。近年来妊娠期肥胖的发生率呈快速增长趋势,肥胖程度的增加可对孕妇及围生儿造成严重危害,从而对人类健康产生深远影响。只有了解其多方面的影响因素,认识到妊娠期肥胖对母儿的危害,并制定科学有效的治疗和管理方案,才能在保证孕妇及胎儿营养供应的前提下控制孕妇体质量,保障母婴健康。综述妊娠期肥胖妇女的代谢特点,分析肥胖对妊娠并发症、产程及对胎儿的影响,探讨妊娠期肥胖妇女的孕期营养需求及饮食处方,供医务工作者在临床工作中参考。

Gestational obesity refers to the status of pregnant women with excessive accumulation of adipose tissue. Recent years, the incidence of gestational obesity showed a rapid growing, the increasing obesity bring serious influence on pregnant women and perinatal infants, resulting in a profound impact on human health. In order to control maternal weight under the premise of the nutrient supplies of maternal and fetal and to protect the health delivery, it is significant to understand the impact of various factors, recognize the influence of gestational obesity on mother and infant, and develop scientific and effective treatment and management project. According to extensive literature reference, the article starts from the metabolic characteristics of obese pregnant women, analyses the impact of obesity on pregnancy complications, stages of labor and the fetus, then, do a summary for obese pregnant women about the nutritional needs and diet prescriptions, so that it can provide a reference for doctors in clinical work.