马克思生态观的巨大理论力量源于其唯物主义——以生态学马克思主义者福斯特的分析为例

The Materialistic Root of the Great Theoretical Strength of Marx's Ecological View-With the Analysis of Foster,the Ecological Marxist,as an Example

与绿色左派等指责马克思缺乏生态思想及其把马克思主义和现代性与自然的退化等同起来并加以批判不同,福斯特不仅坚持认为马克思的世界观是一种深刻的、真正系统的生态世界观,而且明确指出由于该生态观建基于其唯物主义之上,因而具有超乎寻常的巨大理论力量。这既反映在他对马克思生态思想形成的历史考察中,更集中体现于对马克思不同历史时期三部主要著作的深刻解读中。福斯特对马克思生态思想与其唯物主义内在关联的独到分析,一方面证明了生态学在历史唯物主义中的重要地位,另一方面也证明了历史唯物主义在生态运动中的指导地位。

Different from the Green Left who claims that Marx lacks ecological perspective and criticizes Marxism as the synonym of modernity and degradation of nature,Foster insists that Marx has a profound and systematic world view and that such a world view is of great theoretical strength because it is based on materialism.These ideas are embodied in both Foster's historical study of the formation of Marx's ecological thought and his profound interpretation of Marx's three important works in different periods.Foster's original analysis of the inherent connection between Marx's ecological thought and his materialism proves that ecology occupies an important position in historical materialism on the one hand,and shows that historical materialism plays a guiding role in the ecological movement on the other.