3种苹果砧木幼苗在南疆钙质土壤上的田间表现

Growth Performance of Three Kinds of Apple Rootstocks on Calcareous Soil in South Xinjiang

对3种苹果砧木的抗缺铁性进行田间对比试验,结果表明,小金海棠、八棱海棠在p H值为8.53的南疆钙质土壤上均生长正常,而在相同土壤上栽植的新疆野苹果却出现出严重的缺铁失绿症状。虽然新疆野苹果叶片中的叶绿素含量和有效铁含量明显低于小金海棠、八棱海棠,但其叶内的全铁含量却高于八棱海棠,而且新疆野苹果的全铁含量与有效铁含量的比值最大,表明发生黄化程度严重。综合分析各个指标测定值后认为,3种苹果砧木对南疆钙质土壤的抗性表现为小金海棠、八棱海棠抗缺铁能力较强,新疆野苹果发生黄化症状最明显,抗缺铁能力最差。

Field comparison test of different apple rootstocks on resistant to iron deficiency was conducted. The results showed that M. Xiaojinensis Cheng et jiang and M. micromalus Makino rootstock seedlings grew normally without any iron chlorosis symptom at Southern calcareous soil pH 8.53 and its leaf chlorophyll content was much higher than that of M. sieverii Roem （control species）, which showed serious chlorosis under the same pH conditions. Although M.sieverii Roem chlorophyll content and active iron content was significantly lower than M. Xiaojinensis Cheng et jiang and M. micromalus Makino, its total iron content in leaves was not lower than M. micromalus Makino. The ratio of total iron content and maximum active iron content of M. sieverii Roem was the biggest, in- dicating that the more serious the degree of yellowing. The ability of resistance to iron deficiency of M. micromalus Makino and M. Xiaofinensis Cheng et jiang were higher than that of others. M. sieverii Roem was sensitive to iron deficiency stress, and was weaker than that of others.