金山三岛海洋生态自然保护区海域浮游生物的分布

The Distribution of Plankton in the Sea Area of Jinshan Three-islands Marine Ecological Natural Reserve

基于2012年8月金山三岛海洋生态自然保护区海域浮游生物调查数据,分析该海域浮游生物的空间分布特征及其环境影响。结果表明:浮游植物密度在沿岸和近杭州湾口门一侧较高,在大金山岛周围区域较低;浮游动物丰度平面分布不均,仅在近杭州湾口门一侧出现一高值区;浮游植物密度的数量变化与表层悬浮物(r=0.906,P=0.013)呈显著负相关,与表层无机氮(r=0.835,P=0.038)呈显著正相关,与底层无机氮呈极显著正相关(r=0.977,P=0.004),与表、底层无机磷(表层:r=0.541,P=0.268,底层:r=0.605,P=-0.280)、浮游动物丰度(r=0.083,P=0.876)相关性不显著,水动力作用对其平面分布有一定程度影响;与历史资料相比,该海域浮游植物密度近年来呈升高趋势,浮游动物丰度则呈下降趋势,浮游动物与浮游植物时空分布的非一致性,反映出浮游动物未能对浮游植物有效的下行控制,该水域浮游生态系统可能不稳定。

Based upon the survey data of August 2012, the space distribution characteristic of plankton in the sea area of Jinshan three-isIands marine natural.reserve was reported. The characteristic and key environ- mental affection were also analysed. The result showed that： 1） phytoplankton density was higher at the side of the north coast and the estuary of Hangzhou bay, while lower around the Big Jinshan island. 2） The horizontal distribution of the zooplankton abundance is uneven, which was higher just at the side of the estuary of Hangzhou bay. 3） The change in value of phytoplankton density significantly negatively correlated with suspended particles in the surface layer of sea water （r=0.906, P=0.013）, and extremely significantly positively correlated with inorganic nitrogen concentration in the bottom layer（r=0.977, P=0.004）, while had no significant correlation with inorganic phosphorus concentration in the water column （surface： r=0.541 ,P=0.268; bottom： r= 0.605, P=0.280） and the number of zooplankton （r=0.083, P=0.876）. 4） Phytoplankton horizontal distribution, is affected by the hydrodynamic force. Compared with historical data, the phytoplankton density presented a rising trend in recent years, while the abundance of zooplankton presented a downward trend. The temporal and spatial distribution between zooplankton and phytoplankton was inconsistent, which reflected that the conlrol of phytoplankton downward was not effective, and the plankton ecosystem may not be stable there.