从写画(ekphrasis)的角度看《海》中的女性角色塑造

Ekphrasis in the construction of female characters in The Sea

写画(ekphrasis)是一个古老的修辞术语,现在已经成为艺术史研究的新方法和途径。班维尔在《海》中大量应用了ekphrasis的手法来描写自我、他人及世界。这一手法的运用在塑造小说中的三位女性角色康妮、克洛伊及安娜中尤为突出。通过对ekphrasis这一手法在塑造女性角色中的具体表现及作用的分析和解读来揭示小说中男主角没有能力也没有意愿把这些女性看作是独立、真实存在的个体,而他在认识他人上的无能也导致了他对自我的认识混淆,从而体现了小说的"困惑"主题。

Ekphrasis is an old rhetorical term which has developed into a new methodology in the research of art history.Ekphrasis is the predominant feature in John Banville＇s The Sea,and it is widely used to describe self,others and the world.In particular,ekphrasis is the most important method that Banville adopted to construct the female characters in the novel.Through the analysis and interpretation of the application of ekphrasis in this character construction process,the protagonist is revealed as unable and unwilling to treat these females as independent and true beings,which leads to his inability to identify himself.Thus,it reveals the fundamental artistic sensation of John Banville＇s novels—puzzlement.