社区6～24月龄婴幼儿社会认知发展水平评价

Social Cognitive Development Level Evaluation of Normal Infants Aged 6～24 Months in a Community

【目的】评价正常婴幼儿社会认知发展水平,为婴幼儿社会认知发展的测评提供参考。【方法】应用＂婴幼儿社会认知发展筛查量表＂对2012年3月至2013年12月期间在广州市黄埔区社区卫生服务中心进行常规体检和疫苗接种的6~24月龄婴幼儿进行调查,供招募719人。以量表总分及认人、适应行为运动、语言各领域分为指标,1岁以内儿童以每一月龄为一组,其余以每3个月为一组,进行组间比较,组间差异采用t检验和方差分析。【结果】该量表总分及各领域分均随月龄增加呈增长趋势;但不同领域快速发育阶段则各有不同特征。全量表中,6~、7~、8~、9~、10~、11~、12~、13~、16~、19~、22~24月龄组婴幼儿社会认知筛查发展总分的P5界值分别是16~、20~、21~、22~、23~、24~、29~、38~、45~、48~、50~,其中9~、12~、13~、16~、19~、22~24月龄段是婴幼儿社会认知发展的快速发展时期（P值皆〈0.05）。认人领域的快速发展时期是9~月龄段（P=0.040）;适应行为在7~、12~、13~月龄段（P值皆〈0.05）;运动领域在12~、13~、16~、19~月龄段（P值皆〈0.05）;语言领域在9~、12~、13~、16~、19~、22~22月龄段（P值皆〈0.05）。【结论】2岁以下婴幼儿社会认知发展评价的界值可作为社区儿童早期社会认知发展评估的参考。可重点筛查认人领域的9~月龄组,适应行为的7~、12~、13~月龄组,运动领域的12~21月龄的每一月龄组,语言领域的9~以及12~24月龄的每一月龄组。

【Objective】 To provide a reference for the assessment of infants social cognition development through evaluating the development level of social cognition of normal infants. 【Methods】 719 infants aged 6 ~24 months who taking regular check-ups and vaccination in Guangzhou Huangpu community medical service center, were assessed using Infant and Early Children Social Development Screening Scale-Chinese edition from March 2012 to December 2013. Group differences were examined for the whole and partial checklist score using t test and analysis of variance. 【Results】 Both the total and partial checklists scores increased with age. In whole scale, the total score of P5 cutoff values for children aged 6 ~, 7 ~, 8 ~, 9 ~, 10 ~, 11 ~, 12 ~, 13 ~, 16 ~, 19 ~, 22 ~ 24 months were 16 ~, 20 ~, 21 ~, 22 ~, 23 ~, 24 ~, 29 ~, 38 ~, 45 ~, 48 ~, 50 ~, respectively; 9 ~, 12 ~, 13 ~, 16~, 19 ~, 22~ 24 months were the rapid development periods of infants social cognitive development（all P 0.05）. The rapid development period of recognizing ability was 9 ~months（P = 0.040）, the adaptive behavior were 7 ~, 12 ~, 13 ~ months（all P 0.05）, the motor ability were 12 ~, 13 ~, 16 ~, 19 ~ months（P values were 0.003, 0.001, 0.001, 0.021, respectively） and the language development were 9 ~, 12 ~, 13 ~, 16 ~, 19 ~, 22~24 months（all P 0.05）. 【Conclusions】 It was suggested that the scores of Infant and Early Children Social Development Screening Scale of infants under the age of 2 years old could be used as a reference for the evaluation of early infants social cognition development in this community. In respect of recognizing ability could focus on the 9 ~months, adaptive behavior on the 7 ~ month and every month during 12 ~ 15 months, motor ability on every month during 12 ~ 21months; and language development on the 9 ~ and every month during 12 ~ 24 months.