miRNA在特发性炎性肌病中的作用

The role of miRNA in inflamamatory myopathies

皮肌炎、多发性肌炎和散发型包涵体肌炎是临床较为常见的炎性肌病,其发病过程涉及不同的免疫过程。目前的研究认为皮肌炎的发病与补体介导的免疫过程相关,多发性肌炎和包涵体肌炎的是T细胞介导的细胞毒免疫过程,除此之外由于MHCI高表达所造成的内质网应激也与多发性肌炎和包涵体肌炎的发病密切相关。miRNA是在基因转录后水平起调控作用的长度约为21~25 nt的非编码小RNA,miRNA能够调节机体的多种生理过程,其与疾病发生过程有密切相关。本文总结了皮肌炎、多发性肌炎和散发型包涵体肌炎中miRNA的特异性表达情况,并分析了不同miRNA对三种特发性炎性肌病发病过程中重要蛋白的调控作用,为临床进一步探讨miRNA在炎性肌病中的诊断和治疗提供帮助。

Dermatomyositis, polymyositis and sporadic inclusion body myositis are the most common subtypes of idiopathic inflamamatory myopathies （IIMs）, which are underlying different inflammatory processes. Although the pathogenesis of IIM, the occurrence and development of dematomyositis is associated with complement-mediated immunologicprocess, Polymyositis and inclusion-body myo- sitis are T-cell-mediated cytotoxic processes, and ER stress due to upregulation of MHC class I antigen expression is also involved in the progresses. MiRNAs, a class of 21 - 25 nt noncoding small RNAs, can regulate gene expression at post-transcriptional level. Dyregulated miRNAs may play important roles in the development of many diseases. In this review we summerized the specific expressed miRNAs in different subtypes of inflamamatory myopathies and analyzed the relationships between miRNAs and key proteins in the processes of these muscular disorders,which may be useful in clinical diagnosis and therapeutic strategies for inflamamatory myopathies.