新西兰加入与实施OPCAT情况评析及其启示

Analysis and Inspection of the Implementation of OPCAT in New Zealand

新西兰是联合国《禁止酷刑和其他残忍、不人道或有辱人格的待遇或处罚公约任择议定书》(OPCAT)签署国中实施公约较为成功的典范之一,其国家预防酷刑机构(NPM)体系的设置主要体现为中央协调机构领导下的多部门分工协作模式;工作报告是反映NPM羁押场所巡查工作及相关活动的主要形式。借鉴新西兰的经验,我国在准备加入OPCAT的过程中,应建立起较为独立的巡视机构体系,科学设置巡视程序与配套制度,并通过宣传引起社会关注。

New Zealand is a successful example of the countries which have signed and ratified the United Nations＇ Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman Treatment or Punishment, the Convention or Degrading Optional Protocol（OPCAT）. New Zealand＇s executive body, the national preventive mechanism torture（NPM）, is inter-sector cooperation model under the leadership of the central coordinating agency.Report is the main form which reflects the NPM＇s inspections of places of detention and related activities. In the process of preparation and joining in the OPCAT, China should learn from the experience of New Zealand,establish a more independent inspection agency system, set up scientific inspection procedures and supporting systems, and arouse social concern through advocacy.