自然保护区立法的新思维

A New Thought on the Nature Reserve Legislation

我国自然保护区立法目前存在部门利益难以均衡,对现行保护区规范不够,缺乏科学的分类分区管理体系等问题。我国对自然保护区立法,可根据自然类型区域单行立法,形成法律体系,以此降低行政管理成本;确定自然保护区管理原则为综合管理和分部门管理结合,强化管理机构,垂直管理;细化保护区规划制度,加强其法律约束力;建立保护区特许经营制度;明确社区共管、推进土地管理和公众参与管理;将保护区资金使用纳入到地方财政预算。

Currently, China＇s legislation on nature reserves has the following problems： departmental interests are difficult to balance, regulation on existing nature reserves is insufficient, and scientific classification and zoning management systems are in absence. To solve these problems, China can set up different laws for different nature reserves based on the type of nature in each reserve and combine these laws into a legal system to reduce administrative costs. China can set the combination of integrated management and departmental management as the principle for nature reserve management, empower regulatory agencies and introduce vertical management. China can refine its nature reserve planning system and strengthen the legally binding force of the system. China can establish a nature reserve franchise system, invite community management, foster land management, promote public participation and management, and include funds for nature reserves into fiscal budgets of local governments.