滴入湿化液后不同吸痰时机预防气管插管痰痂形成的研究

Study on prevention of sputum scab formation in tracheal intubation patients in different suction time after dripping into humidification fluid

[目的]寻找气道滴入湿化后吸痰的最佳时间点,以预防痰痂形成。[方法]选取实施气管插管并机械通气病人90例,随机分为A组、B组、C组,分别在湿化后3个不同的时间点实施吸痰,A组于湿化液滴入后2min吸痰;B组于湿化液滴入后5min吸痰;C组于湿化液滴入后7min吸痰。分析比较3组病人舒适度改变、气道黏膜损伤程度、气道湿化效果、有无痰痂形成。[结果]湿化后2min进行吸痰的病人湿化满意度显著低于其他两组病人(P<0.01);湿化后2min进行吸痰的病人较其他两组病人更易发生气道黏膜损伤(P<0.05);湿化5min后吸痰病人舒适度显著高于湿化2min后吸痰病人(P<0.01);湿化5min后吸痰病人痰痂形成例数少于湿化2min后吸痰病人(P<0.05)。[结论]气道滴入湿化液后5min吸痰可以减少痰痂形成,为气道滴入湿化后吸痰的最佳时间点。

Objective：To find out the best time point for the sputum suction after dripping into humidification fluids so as to prevent the formation of sputum scab.Methods：A total of 90 patients with tracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation were selected and randomly divided into group A,group B and group C.The sputum suc-tion was carried out at 3 different time points after humidification.The patients in group A were sucked 2 min later after dripping into humidification fluid.The patients in group B 5 min later after dripping into humidifica-tion fluid,C group 7 min later after dripping into humidification fluid.The change of comfort degree,the degree of airway mucosal injury,the effect of airway humidification,and the formation of sputum scab or not among 3 groups were analyzed and compared.Results：The patients’humidification satisfaction in group A was signifi-cantly lower than that in other two groups（P 〈0.01）.Patients in group A were more prone to tracheal mucosa injury than other two groups（P 〈0.05）.Comfort level of patients in group B was significantly higher than that in group A（P 〈0.01）.The number of patients in group B was less than that in group A（P 〈0.05）.Conclusion：Sputum suction 5 min later after dripping into humidification fluid can reduce the formation of sputum callus, which is the best time point to sputum suction after dripping into humidification fluid.