水肥耦合对黄冠梨叶片光合效能及果实品质的影响

Effect of Water and Fertilize Coupling Modes on Leaf Photosynthetic Efficiency and Fruit Quality in Huangguan Pears

以6年生黄冠梨为试材,研究了不同水肥处理对黄冠梨叶片光合效能和果实品质的影响,从而筛选出最佳的水肥耦合方式。结果表明:水分是影响水肥耦合效能的主导因子,半量水和倍量水处理对梨树叶片光合效率及果实品质均有不利影响,无水条件下施肥不良影响最大;在不同水肥耦合方式中,常量水+半量肥处理(NH)表现最佳,叶片净光合速率、果实可溶性固形物以及可滴定酸含量最高,分别为13.4μmol·m-2·s-1、13.70%和0.111%,显著高于对照和其它多数处理,而果实硬度则与其它处理并无显著差异;因此,从经济用肥以及提高果实品质的角度考虑,在对梨树追肥时,推荐采用常量水+半量肥(NH)的水肥耦合方式。

With six-year-old Huangguan pear trees as test meterials,the effect of water and fertilize coupling modes on leaf photosynthetic efficiency and fruit quality was studied in order to screen out the best mode for water and fertilizer coupling.The results showed that water was the contributing factor influencing the efficacy on water and fertilizer coupling,the treatments with half amount and double amount of water were not as excellent as normal amount of water with respects to leaf phytosynthetic efficiency and fruit quality,the adverse effect was the severest if no water was applied.Among different treatments,the normal water＋half fertilizer（NH）was the best,with the highest leaf Pn,SSC and titratable acidity being 13.4μmol·m^-2·s^-1,13.70% and 0.111%,respectively,significantly higher than the control and most of treatments.However,there was no significant difference in fruit firmness among all the treatments.Therefore,for sake of economical fertilization and favorable effect on improving fruit quality,the NH mode was recommended when pear trees were being dressed.