猪克隆胚胎体外培养的研究进展

Current Progress in the Culture of Porcine Clone Embryos In Vitro

猪克隆胚胎的体外培养一直是限制克隆猪大批量生产的制约因素。早期,猪克隆胚胎的培养主要是借鉴体外受精胚胎的体外培养体系,但培养效果并不理想。这是因为,两者的代谢方式不同,其表现在两种胚胎对氧气的需要时段不同,体外受精的胚胎在致密化阶段对氧气的消耗量增大,而克隆胚胎是在囊胚以后的阶段,因此,建立更适合克隆胚胎氧需求的培养体系可有效提高克隆胚胎的发育能力。另外,通过向基础培养液中添加各种添加剂也可改善克隆胚胎的发育。该文分别从猪克隆胚胎体外培养的研究历史与现状、影响因素(包括基础培养液、各种添加物和氧分压等)及体外培养优化策略等进行了论述,旨在为建立稳定的猪克隆胚胎体外发育的最佳培养体系提供理论依据。

The culture of porcine clone embryos in vitro had always restricted the massive production of clone pigs. In the earlier time, the culture of porcine clone embryos used the culture system for embryos in vitro fertilization; however, it was not suitable for the development of porcine clone embryos. The main reason was that two different embryos had different metabolic ways and they had different periods on oxygen consumption. It was reported that oxygen consumption became increased from the compact morula stage for the embryos in vitro fertilization; nevertheless, it was increased after blastocyst stage for the clone embryos. So it would greatly improve the development of porcine clone embryos to establish a suitable culture system for embryo＇s oxygen consumption. Furthermore, some additive agents could also improve the development of clone embryos. This paper reviewed the history and current situation on the study of culture of porcine clone embryos, the factors on culture（including of basic culture medium, various additive agents and oxygen pressure） and strategy for in vitro culture optimization, aiming to provide theoretical basis to establish best culture system to culture porcine clone embryos.