2011年阿坝州碘缺乏病监测结果分析

Surveillance Results of Iodine Deficiency Disorders in Aba Prefecture in 2011

目的了解阿坝州若尔盖县碘缺乏病病情及全州13县居民碘营养水平及防治措施落实情况,评价干预措施的实施效果。方法病情监测：全省按人口比例概率抽样方法 （PPS）抽取了阿坝州若尔盖县班偌乡小学,随机抽查40名8-10岁学生B超法测定甲状腺容积,并定量测定这些学生家中食用盐的碘含量;在抽到的学生中,再随机抽取12名检测尿碘含量,并测算其家中居民日人均食盐摄入量;在抽中学校附近,选择3个乡,每个乡抽取孕妇和哺乳妇女各5人,采用砷铈催化分光光度方法 （WS/T 107-2006）测定尿碘含量;在抽中学校的所在村,按东、西、南、北、中各抽取1份饮用水水样,如为集中式供水地区,则采集2份末梢水样进行水碘测定。8-10岁儿童尿碘水平监测：在每个县,按东、西、南、北、中5个方位各随机抽取1个乡;在所抽取的每个乡各随机抽取1所村小学;在所抽取小学各随机抽检20名8-10岁儿童（男、女各半）的尿样,每县尿样100份。其余12个县开展8-10岁儿童尿碘水平监测。结果 8-10岁儿童甲状腺肿大率为7.25%、8-10岁儿童尿碘中位数156.2μg/L、居民合格碘盐食用率为100%、盐碘中位数为39.7 mg/kg、孕妇尿碘中位数为143.9μg/L、哺乳妇女尿碘中位数为155.8μg/L;其余12个县8-10岁儿童尿碘中位数为165.22μg/L。结论阿坝州以食盐加碘为主的防治碘缺乏病的综合防治措施成效明显,各项指标均保持在县级消除碘缺乏病目标水平内,为阿坝州持续巩固消除碘缺乏病奠定了基础。

Objective To know the prevalence of iodine deficiency disorders（ IDD） in Ruoergai county,Aba prefecture and iodine nutrition level in residents in 13 counties of the prefecture. Meanwhile,the implementation of control measures was investigated and the control effect was evaluated. Methods With probability proportional to size method,40 students aged 8- 10 years were randomly sampled in Banruo township primary school. The thyroid volume was measured by B- ultrasound as well as iodine content of edible salt from their families was tested. Twelve students selected randomly from those students were measured for urinary iodine in order to estimate daily salt intake per capita in their family. Three towns near the schools were selected and 5 pregnant and 5lactating women from every town were measured for urinary iodine content by arsenic cerium catalytic spectrophotometric method（ WS / T 107- 2006）.One water sample was collected for detect water iodine from east,west,south and north in each village where the school located,for centralized water supply areas two water samples were collected. One village primary school were selected from each of five sampled towns in east,west,south,north and centre in every county,where urine sample of 20 students aged 8- 10 were tested randomly in every extracted village school. There were a total of 100 urine samples collected per county. Urinary iodine levels surveillance in children aged 8- 10 was carried out in the remaining 12 counties. Results The goiter rate was7. 25% and the median of urinary iodine was 156. 2μg / L for children aged 8- 10. The rate of qualified iodized salt was 100%. The median of iodine salt was 39. 7mg / kg,and the median of urinary iodine for pregnant women and lactating women was 143. 9μg / L and 155. 8μg / L,respectively. The median of urinary iodine was 165. 22μg / L for children aged 8- 10 in the remaining 12 counties. Conclusion By taking comprehensive measures,with iodized salt as the principal measure,the IDD prevention and control work is proved to be effective in Aba prefecture. Various indicators are maintained within the county target level,laying a foundation for the elimination of IDD.