摘要
目的分析疫苗接种"妈妈课堂"培训前后相关免疫规划知识知晓率,评价健康教育干预的效果,探索新的免疫规划健康教育模式。方法对2014年7—12月在贵州省贵阳市云岩区47所预防接种门诊首次建卡儿童的家长进行疫苗接种"妈妈课堂"培训,通过4 420份问卷调查,分析比较培训前后免疫规划知识知晓率。结果培训前、后家长免疫规划知识总知晓率[培训前70.4%、培训后85.3%]及9个免疫规划知识相关问题知晓率的差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.01);培训前除不同性别家长免疫规划知识知晓率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)外,知晓率在不同居住属性[城郊结合部71.1%(17 309/24 342)、城中心区69.1%(9 662/13 981)]、不同户籍(流动71.5%、常住69.3%)、不同文化程度(小学69.6%,初中71.8%,高中70.9%,大专及以上70.0%)、对疫苗接种知识是否了解(了解72.9%,不了解69.1%)的家长中差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05);培训后仅不同文化程度家长知晓率(小学80.8%,初中84.4%,高中86.1%,大专及以上86.1%)差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),其余不同居住属性、户籍、性别、对疫苗接种知识是否了解的家长知晓率差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。结论疫苗接种"妈妈课堂"这种新型健康教育模式的实施,可以增加儿童家长对预防接种知识的认知,提高儿童家长预防接种的积极性、主动性。
Objective To analyze the awareness rate of immunization-related knowledge before and after the imple- mentation of 'mom classroom' - a training program among parents of infants and to explore new patterns for health edu- cation on immunization. Methods Totally 4 420 parents visiting 47 vaccination clinics for the first immunization sched- ule registration of theininfants were recruited for a training program on vaccination, namely 'mom classroom', and sur- veyed with a questionnaire on vaccination related knowledge before and after the training from July to December,2014. Results Among the participants, the awareness rate of Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) were 70. 4% and 85.3 % and there were significant differences in the awareness rates of 9 items of EPI before and after the training ( all P 〈 0. 01 ). There were significant differences in the awareness rate of EPI among the participants with different living places (71.1% for suburban area and 69. 1% for urban area), household registration status (71.5 % for the migrants and 69. 3% for the permanent residents) ,education level(69.6% for primary school,71.8% for junior high school,70. 9% for senior high school, and 70. 0% for college or above), and whether having knowledge about vaccination procedures (72. 9% for those answering ' yes' and 69. 1% for ' no' ) before the training ( all P 〈 0. 05 ), while there was only a difference in the rate among the participants with different education level( 80. 8% for primary school,84.4% for junior high school, 86. 1% for senior high school, and 86. 1% for college or above) after the training ( P 〈 0.01 ). Conclusion As a new model of health education, 'mom classroom' program could improve the awareness of knowledge about EPI among the parents of infants and promote the initiative for their babies' vaccination.
出处
《中国公共卫生》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第9期1129-1132,共4页
Chinese Journal of Public Health
关键词
健康教育
妈妈课堂
实施效果
health education
'mom classroom'
implementation effect