河北省社区老年人居家不出现状及影响因素

Prevalence and influencing factors of housebound among community elderly in Hebei province

目的对河北省老年人居家不出现状进行调查并探讨其影响因素,为河北省制定老年人社区卫生保健体系、提高老年人生活质量提供参考依据。方法采用整群抽样方法,从河北省唐山市和保定市各抽取1个社区,对社区内所有年龄≥60岁的常住居民1 359人采用统一调查量表进行调查,调查表包括一般情况问卷、老年抑郁量表和社会支持评定量表。结果河北省老年人居家不出发生率为15.8%,其中老年人合并抑郁或社会支持较少者居家不出发生率较高,分别为55.8%和11.4%,与非居家不出老年人比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果显示,收入高、参与锻炼、社会支持度好是居家不出的保护因素,年龄高、抑郁状态是居家不出发生的危险因素。结论河北省老年人居家不出发生率较高,收入、锻炼、社会支持、年龄、抑郁为居家不出发生的主要影响因素。

Objective To examine the prevalence and influencing factors of housebound among community elderly in Hebei province, and to provide references for improving the quality of life of the elderly. Methods Two communities in Tangshan and Baoding city of Hebei province were selected with randomized cluster sampling method and all perma- nent residents aged over 60 years were surveyed with a self-designed questionnaire, the Geriatric Depression Scale, and Social Support Rating Scale in 2013. Results The prevalence rate of homebound was 15.8% among the 1 359 elderly surveyed and the elderly with depression symptoms or less social support had a higher prevalence rate （ 55. 8 % and 11.4% ）. Multivariate unconditioned logistic regression analyses showed that at elder age and with depression symptoms were risk factors of homebound and with higher income, participating physical exercise, and with strong social support were protective factors against homebound. Conclusion The prevalence rate of housebound among community elderly in Hebei province is relatively high. Income ,physical exercise, social support, age, and depression are main influencing fac- tors of the occurrence of housebound.