北京市大兴区流动人口乙肝认知现状及影响因素分析

Influencing factors of cognition on hepatitis B among floating population in Daxing district of Beijing

目的了解北京市大兴区流动人口对乙肝的认知情况,分析影响流动人口乙肝认知的因素,为在流动人口中开展乙肝宣教和防控工作提供科学依据。方法采用封闭式结构访谈的问卷调查方法,随机抽取北京市大兴区973名流动人口进行人口学特征和乙肝认知情况调查,并对数据进行单因素方差分析、线性趋势χ2检验和多元线性回归分析。结果研究对象中91.06%(886/973)的人听说过乙肝,89.72%(873/973)的人听说过乙肝疫苗,83.14%(809/973)的人信任乙肝疫苗能够有效地预防乙肝;单因素方差分析和线性趋势χ2检验显示,随着年龄升高,乙肝认知得分逐渐下降;随着受教育水平升高,乙肝认知得分逐渐上升,最低为小学以下者;低收入者乙肝认知得分最低;农民乙肝认知得分最低,其次为打工者;接种过乙肝疫苗者乙肝认知得分高于未接种者(P<0.05);多元线性回归显示,乙肝认知得分随着人群受教育水平升高逐渐上升,接种过乙肝疫苗者乙肝认知得分高于未接种者(P<0.05),且受教育水平对乙肝认知得分的影响最大。结论受教育程度、是否接种过乙肝疫苗是影响流动人口乙肝认知的因素。

Objective To analyze status and influencing factors of cognition on hepatitis B among floating people in Daxing district of Beijing and to provide scientific basis for hepatitis B prevention and control in the population. Methods We randomly selected 973 floating people and surveyed on their demographic characteristics and cognition on hepatitis B with an enclosed structure interview between January 2011 to April 2012. We used STATA 12. 0, variance analysis, Co- chran Armitage trend test and multivariate liner regression in data analyses. Results Most of the participants had knowl- edge about hepatitis B （91.06% ,886/973 ）, hepatitis B vaccine（ 83.14% ,809/973 ）, and effective prevention of the disease（89. 72% ,873/973）. Univariate analysis and Cochran Armitage trend test showed that the average score of the cognition on hepatitis B declined gradually with the increment of age and increased with the upgrade of education level of the participants. The participants with the education below primary school, low income, and being peasant had lower score of the cognition, while the participants with hepatitis B vaccination history showed higher scores compared to those with- out the vaccination history （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Multivariate liner regression analysis showed that the cognition score was positively correlated with education level （ P 〈 0. 05 ） ; the participants with hepatitis B vaccination history had better cognition than those without the history（P 〈0. 05） ;and education level had most strong impact on the cognition on hepatitis B. Conclu- sion Education level and whether having received hepatitis B vaccination are major influencing factors of cognition on hepatitis B among floating population.