西安市36家医院1372例药品不良反应报告分析

Analysis of 1372 Cases of Adverse Drug Reaction Reports in 36 Hospitals in Xi'an

目的:了解西安市二级以上医院药品不良反应(ADR)发生的特点和规律,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法:回顾性统计并分析西安市36家二级以上医院2012年10月-2014年6月收集并上报的有效ADR报告1 372例。结果:1 372例ADR报告中,年龄≥60岁的患者发生ADR比例最高(407例,占29.67%);引发ADR最多的药物为抗微生物药,所占比例最高,达45.77%,其次为中药制剂(15.82%)以及循环系统药(9.55%);注射剂是引发ADR最多的药物剂型,共1 210例,占88.19%;ADR损害类型主要以皮肤及其附件损害为主,占44.16%;左氧氟沙星注射液为引发ADR最多的药物,共95例。结论:掌握该地区ADR的发生特点与规律,有助于管理者规范临床合理用药,保证患者用药安全。

OBJECTIVE：To investigate the characteristics and regularity of ADR in secondary-level hospitals and above in Xi＇an in order to provide reference for clinical drug use. METHODS：During Oct. 2012-Jun. 2014,1 372 ADR cases reported in 36 hospitals at secondary-level or above in Xi＇an were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS：Among 1 372 cases of ADR reports,the incidence of ADR in the above 60 age group occupied the highest percentage,being 29.67%（407 cases）;ADR reports were most likely caused by antibacterial drugs,accounting for 45.77%,followed by TCM injections（15.82%）and circulatory system drugs（9.55%）;the largest number of ADR reports was caused by injections（1 210 cases,88.19%）;the main types of ADR were lesion of skin and its appendents,accounting for 44.16%. The most number of ADR was induced by Levofloxacin injection,involving 95 cases. CONCLUSIONS：Mastering the characteristics and regularity of ADR help managers to standardize clinical rational drug use and ensure patients＇ medication safety.