中国耕地保护基金的设立及其实现路径

The Establishment and Implementation of China Farmland Protection Fund

长期以来,对耕地资源进行重点保护已成为中国的基本国策和国土资源管理的核心纲要,但目前缺乏全国统筹的耕地保护专项基金。研究首先从耕地保护资金的供求以及现有相关资金的使用情况等方面分析了耕地保护基金设立的必要性;进而按照集中统筹土地管理系统内部现有分散、低效利用甚至闲置结余的耕地保护相关资金的思路,探讨了耕地保护基金的资金来源保障。从而根据耕地保护在不同经济发展阶段的工作重点设立了包括现实方案和长远方案的耕地保护基金框架,并从基金的筹集、用途、使用及管理等方面分别明确了两套方案的实现路径。耕地保护基金的设立可为提高耕地保护相关资金的使用效率,保证对耕地保护的长远稳定投入提供制度保障。

Protecting farmland resource has become a basic policy and played an important role in land resource manage- ment in China for a long time. However, currently, there is no such a nationally planned and operated farmland protection fund. First, the article points out it is necessary to establish the farmland protection fund by showing the current demand and supply. Then, it discusses the source of farmland protection fund, which is collecting inside land administration system but not being used efficiently enough. Later, based on priorities at different stages of economic development, this article brings an operational framework for establishing the farmland pro- tection fund （ including 2 sets of detailed plan - short term and long term）. It also demonstrates how to achieve the goals from different aspects such as fund raising, fund use and fund management. The establishment of farmland protection fund will provide an institutional guarantee for improving the efficiency of spending relat- ed money on farmland protection and ensuring the long - term stable investment in farmland protection.