旧章未可骤更 新法宜防流弊:陆润庠视界中的清末新政

The old system cannot be suddenly altered and the new law should prevent malpractice:the new deal of late Qing Dynasty in Lu Runxiang's view

清末新政是一场引进西方政治文明自强求富的改革运动,在教育、司法、宪政、财政等层面新政均有建树和失误。陆润庠认为,教育改革并未培养出为国所用的人才;司法改革造成新旧体制同时运行、司法人员鱼龙混杂;宪政改革中各派利益冲突白热化、政府威信降低;资金大量投入新政,造成财政空前危机。作为传统士人,陆润庠对新政的认知受他所处客观环境的影响,并与他的知识结构、性格特征密切相关。

The new deal in the late Qing Dynasty is a strong and prosperous reform movement by introducing of Western political civilization. At the educational, judicial, constitutional and financial level, the new deal has both achievements and major mistakes. Lu Runxiang believed the education reform did not produce the talents used by the old system; judicial reform led the new and old system running at the same time and the judges like drag- ons and fishes jumbled together; in the constitutional reform, the interests of the parties are conflicted fiercely, which reduced the authority of the government ; and the large capital having been invested in the New Deal caused a financial disaster. As a traditional scholar, Lu Runxiang＇s cognition of the New Deal was affected by the obiective environment, and closely related to his own knowledge structure and nersonalitv characteristics.