心理干预联合放松训练对产后抑郁患者心理健康和自我效能的影响研究

Impact of psychological intervention combining with relaxation training on mental health and self-efficacy in patients with postpartum depression

目的探讨心理干预联合放松训练对产后抑郁患者心理健康和自我效能的影响。方法选取2013年1月-2014年10月安徽医科大学护理学院附属医院产后抑郁患者205例为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将患者分为两组,对照组102例采用心理干预,试验组103例心理干预联合放松训练,两组比较抑郁程度〔爱丁堡产后抑郁量表（EPDS）评分,匹茨堡睡眠量表（PSQI）评分〕、心理健康水平（焦虑SAS评分,抑郁SDS评分）和一般自我效能感评分（GSES）的差异性。结果试验组EPDS评分和PSQI评分明显低于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;干预前两组SAS评分、SDS评分和GSES评分比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;训练14、56 d后SAS评分和SDS评分明显低于干预前和同期对照组,GSES评分明显高于干预前和同期对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,随着放松训练时间延长,SAS评分、SDS评分和GSES评分改善较为显著,不同时间段的比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。试验组护理满意率明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论心理干预联合放松训练有助于减轻产后抑郁程度,改善心理健康水平和自我效能感,提高护理质量。

Objective To study the impact of psychological intervention combining with relaxation training on mental health and self- efficacy in patients with postpartum depression. Methods From January 2013 to October 2013,a total of 205 postpartum depression cases admitted to Affiliated Hospital of Nursing College of Anhui Medical University were selected as research subjects. Using random number table method,the patients were divided into two groups： 102 cases in control group received psychological intervention,and 103 cases in experimental group received relaxation training combined with psychological intervention. Then depression degree（ EPDS score,PSQI score）,psychological health level（ SAS score and SDS score）,and general self- efficacy scale（ GSES） were compared between the two groups. Results The scores of EPDS and PSQI in experimental group were obviously lower those in than control group,and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant（ P 〈0. 05）; before training,difference of SAS,SDS and GSES score between the two groups had no statistical significance（ P 〉0. 05）; after 14 and 56 days of training,scores of SAS and SDS in experimental group were significantly lower than those in control group during the same period and experimental group before intervention,GSES score was significantly higher than that in control group during the same period and experimental group before intervention（ P 〈0. 05）. Along with the prolonged relaxation training,scores of SAS,SDS,and GSES were improved considerably,and the comparison among different periods of time was different with statistical significance（ P 〈0. 05）. Nursing satisfaction rate in experimental group was obviously higher than that in control group with significant difference（ P 〈0. 05）. Conclusion Psychological intervention combining with relaxation training helps to reduce degree of postpartum depression,improve mental health level and self- efficacy,and also elevate nursing quality.