施肥措施及灌木缓冲带对雷竹林径流水不同形态氮流失的影响

Effects of Fertilization Measures and Shrub Buffer on Nitrogen Losses of Different Forms in Runoff Water Under Phyllostachys praecox Stands

通过连续2a的采样测定,研究了不同施肥措施和灌木缓冲带对雷竹林径流水中不同形态氮流失的影响。结果表明,不同处理雷竹林地表径流量与降雨量间均存在着极显著的正相关关系。平均而言,灌木缓冲带可以减少雷竹林地表径流量的32.62%。与常规施肥相比,减量施肥可以使雷竹林径流水中总氮、硝态氮和铵态氮的浓度分别减少39.70%,35.14%和47.16%,累积流失量分别减少34.65%,30.15%和41.73%。灌木缓冲带可以减少常规施肥雷竹林径流水中总氮、硝态氮和铵态氮浓度的81.33%,75.78%和91.74%,减少累积流失量的87.49%,84.14%和93.99%;可以减少减量施肥总氮、硝态氮和铵态氮浓度的64.23%,59.00%和78.12%,减少累积流失量的79.32%,75.98%和86.40%;可溶性氮为雷竹林径流水中氮流失的主要成分。减量施肥措施和灌木缓冲带对雷竹林径流水中不同形态氮流失均有很好的控制作用。

Effects of fertilization measures and shrub buffer on nitrogen losses of different forms in runoff water under Phyllostachys praecox stands（bamboo fields）were studied for 2consecutive years through sampling and determination.The results showed that there was a significant positive correlation between surface runoff volume and perception in bamboo fields across different treatments.On the average,shrub buffer could reduce surface runoff volume by 32.62%.Compared to conventional fertilization treatment,reducing fertilization treatment could reduce the concentrations of total nitrogen（TN）,nitrate nitrogen（NO3-）and ammonium nitrogen（NH4＋）in the runoff water of bamboo fields by 39.70%,35.14% and47.16%,respectively,and could reduce the cumulative runoff losses of TN,NO3-and NH4＋by 34.65%,30.15% and 41.73%,respectively.In conventional fertilization treatment,shrub buffer could reduce the concentrations of TN,NO3-and NH4＋in the runoff water of bamboo fields by 81.33%,75.78% and 91.74%,respectively,and could reduce the cumulative losses of TN,NO3-and NH4＋by 87.49%,84.14% and 93.99%,respectively.In reducing fertilization treatment,shrub buffer could reduce the concentrations of TN,NO3-and NH4＋in the runoff water of bamboo fields by 64.23%,59.00% and 78.12%,respectively,and could reduce the cumulative losses of TN,NO3-and NH4＋by 79.32%,75.98%and 86.40%,respectively.The dissolved nitrogen was the main component of runoff nitrogen in bamboo fields.Both reducing fertilization measure and shrub buffer could effectively control the nitrogen losses of different forms in runoff water of bamboo fields.