玉米与不同作物间套作条件下旱地径流的磷损失特征

Characteristic of Phosphorus Loss in Dry Land Runoff Under Different Intercropping Modes of Maize and Different Crops

通过采用南方丘陵山地典型区域2a田间小区试验手段，意图了解玉米与不同作物间套作条件下南方丘陵区旱地径流中不同形态磷素养分损失的特征，为南方丘陵地区推广以玉米为主的旱地间套作模式且改善旱地地表磷养分流失方面提供依据。结果表明，玉米与其他作物间套作较玉米单作能更有效减少旱地地表产流量、产流中磷素养分的流失浓度及负荷，尤以玉米／红薯套作模式效果最佳。相对玉米单作而言，玉米／红薯套作模式条件下，地表产流量降低约38．26％；TP年均流失浓度降低了28．27％～35．67％，TDP年均流失浓度降低了35．69％～46．77％，PP年均流失浓度降低了25．31％～33．14％；TP年均流失负荷减少了50．30％～52．61％，TDP年均流失负荷减少了54．20％～59．40％，PP年均流失负荷减少了47．09％～50．00％。

In order to study the characteristics of different forms of phosphorus loss in dry land runoff under intercropping modes of maize and different crops in southern hilly area,a two-year field plot study was carried out in typical hilly mountain area of southern China.The aim of this study is providing the basis for promotion of intercropping modes of maize and decreasing phosphorus loss of surface runoff of dry land in southern hilly area.The results showed that the maize-other crops intercropping,especially maize/sweet potato intercropping,could reduce surface runoff yield and decreased concentration and load of phosphorus loss of runoff more effectively than maize monoculture.Compared to maize monoculture（T1）,maize/sweet potato intercropping（T5）decreased surface runoff yield by 38.26%,and reduced the annual average concentrations of total phosphorus（TP）,total dissolved phosphorus（TDP）and particulate phosphorus（PP）losses in runoff by 28.27% to35.67%,35.69%to 46.77% and 25.31%to 33.14%,respectively.Compared to maize monoculture（T1）,maize/sweet potato intercropping（T5）also decreased annual average loads of TP,TDP and PP losses in runoff by 50.30%to 52.61%,54.20%to 59.40% and 47.09%to 50.00%,respectively.