增施磷肥对提高强酸性高硒茶园土壤硒有效性的效果

Effect of enhancing availability of selenium by increasing phosphate fertilizer in highly acidic Se-rich soil in tea plantations

通过大田试验,研究了增施钙镁磷肥、过磷酸钙及与生物有机肥混施共6种调控措施对强酸性高硒茶园土壤基本化学性质、土壤有效硒和茶叶中硒质量比的调控效果。结果表明,不同磷肥及不同用量处理对土壤有效硒质量比增加均有效果,高用量的3种处理(钙镁磷肥高用量与生物有机肥混施、钙镁磷肥高用量和过磷酸钙高用量)效果好于正常用量的处理(钙镁磷肥正常用量与生物有机肥混施、钙镁磷肥正常用量、过磷酸钙正常用量),且用量相同的情况下,伴有生物有机肥的磷肥处理效果最好。增施磷肥调控均不同程度地增加了茶叶硒质量比,6种处理的增幅均达到极显著水平(p<0.01)。

In this study,we have carried out a series of field experiments to investigate the effects of 6 different rectification measures on the quality of highly acidic Se-rich soil for the tea plantations. The said experiments are aimed at promoting the availability of selenium in highly acidic Se-rich soils. It is just for this goal that we have applied phosphate fertilizers in the above mentioned experiments. To be exact,what we have done includes the following rectification measures,that is,applying composite bio-organic manure and chemical fertilizers with calcium magnesium phosphate,superphosphate and calcium magnesium phosphate,each in two dosages. The successful application of the said measures proves that different dosages of the composite fertilizer have different functions in enhancing the availability of selenium. The results of our experiments have shown that the application of different kinds and dosages of phosphoric fertilizers can all help to improve the content concentration of the available selenium. The above mentioned high-volume treatments,including the high volume application of calcium magnesium phosphate,calcium magnesium phosphate mixed with bio-organic fertilizer and high dosage of super-phosphate may have all brought about advantageous effects than the normal dosage corresponding treatments have done. What is more,at the same dosage,the calcium magnesium phosphate mixed with bio-organic fertilizer tends to bring about more effective results. In addition,the privileged enhancement brought about by using the said 6 kinds of treatments helps to promote the experimental results to a very significant level（ p 0. 01）. And,therefore,it can be said without exaggeration that the application of phosphate fertilizers to the internal selenium control over the highly acidic Se-rich soil is by nature a kind of experimental innovation,a new concept we have created in our experimental investigations. It is qualified to be a kind of innovation for it is free from the use of selenium fertilizers. What is more,it is known that it is not safe to add selenium fertilizers to the tea plants,for the selenium fertilizers can be toxic and may bring about pollutions on the tea plants. Therefore,our research results can be said to make a great sense in heightening the effectiveness of selenium and provide a theoretical basis as well as a technical support for developing the Se-rich tea industry in Jiangsu. And,needless to say,it is also helpful to promote the self-protection of human health.