中国国民闲暇时间体力活动“完全静坐”水平人群特征的研究

Characteristics of the Chinese population whose physical exercise is " only sedentariness" in leisure time

闲暇时体力活动对体质健康的益处最多,并且也最有可能被干预,理应成为体力活动促进关注的重点。为此,如何更好地在新的历史条件下,实现"发展体育运动,增强人民体质"这一宗旨,使更多的人在闲暇时间参与到体育锻炼中来,让更多的人从中受益,是我们一直以来所关注的。本研究通过2010年全国国民体质监测数据,对其闲暇时体力活动完全静坐"水平的人群特征分析,发现:中国国民闲暇时间体力活动"完全静坐"水平人群具有以下特征:1)社会属性特征,农民人群人数比例较高;女性高于男性;随年龄增长,闲暇时间体力活动"完全静坐"水平人数比例,呈"波峰"状,平台期相对集中在中年人群;随着受教育程度的提高,闲暇时间体力活动"完全静坐"水平人数比例,呈单边下降态势;2)行为方式特征:体力活动过多的工作、劳作方式人群闲暇时体力活动"完全静坐"水平人数比例较高;3)其他特征:体育锻炼氛围、相应制度、配套设施较差的"完全静坐"水平人数比例较高;交通方式的积极活动会相应提高闲暇时间体力活动的活跃水平。同时对闲暇时间体力活动"完全静坐"水平人群特征进行了因子分析。结果表明,工作、家务中体力劳动过多的劳作是影响成年人闲暇时间体力活动"完全静坐"水平的一个重要原因;其次是体育锻炼氛围、条件。

Physical exercises in leisure time are good for health and are easiest to intervene, which should be the focus of physical activity promotion.To realize the purpose of ＂developing sports and strengthening physique health＂,we have been committed to persuading more people to take exercises.Based on the data of 2010 the Third National Physique Monitoring,we studied the population whose physique activities were ＂only sedentariness＂in leisure time and found that they had the following characteristics：1）social attributes characteristics：a higher proportion in famer population;women are more than men;the proportion increases with the increase of age and has clear ＂peak＂but decreases with the increase of education level. showing an unilateral downward trend;2）behavior characteristics：there is a higher proportion of the population that have much manual labor;3 ）other characteristics：there is a higher proportion if the physical exercise atmosphere,the corresponding system and supporting facilities are poor.Then,factor analysis is made on the population and it shows that too much labor and domestic work is the main reason to affect the adult ＂only sedentariness＂in leisure time,domestic work in manual labor and next is atmosphere and conditions of physical exercise.